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Exam question 2 · The body

It is given that the syllables ěr and èr differ solely in tone. Select the statement that accurately characterises their respective meanings.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: syllables, you, statement · What happens: give, differ, select, characteris, mean · To what, where: It, tone, statement, respective meanings

This is exam question 2 of lesson 18 «The body» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the syllables ěr and èr differ solely in tone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 differ	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 syllables	det
6	syllables	syllable	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 differ	nsubj
7	ěr	ěr	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 syllables	appos
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 èr	cc
9	èr	èr	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ěr	conj
10	differ	differ	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
11	solely	solely	ADV	_	10 differ	advmod
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 tone	case
13	tone	tone	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 differ	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	differ	present	the syllables			tone		solely property	vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the statement that accurately characterises their respective meanings.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 statement	det
3	statement	statement	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 characterises	nsubj
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 characterises	advmod
6	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 statement	acl:relcl
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 meanings	nmod:poss
8	respective	respective	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 meanings	amod
9	meanings	meaning	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 characterises	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the statement					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Theme
2	characteris	present	the statement	syllables's respective meanings				accurately property	tree rules
3	mean		syllables = syllable						nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

ěr denotes two; èr pertains to the ear and to hearing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	ěr	ěr	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 denotes	obj
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 pertains	punct
5	èr	èr	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pertains	nsubj
6	pertains	pertain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 denotes	conj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 ear	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ear	det
9	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 pertains	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 hearing	cc
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 hearing	case
12	hearing	hearing	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 ear	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	ěr	two					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot two=Topic
2	pertain	present	èr					to the ear and hearing	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to ear=Co-Theme

Option 2

Both denote the number two, whatever the tone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	CCONJ	_	2 denote	cc:preconj
2	denote	denote	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 number	det
4	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denote	obj
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 number	nummod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 whatever	punct
7	whatever	whatever	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 denote	parataxis
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 tone	det
9	tone	tone	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 whatever	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	imperative	you not said here	the number					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot number=Topic

Option 3

Both denote the ear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	CCONJ	_	2 denote	cc:preconj
2	denote	denote	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ear	det
4	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denote	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	imperative	you not said here	the ear					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ear=Topic

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

ěr (dipping) pertains to the ear; èr (falling) denotes two

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	ěr	ěr	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 pertains	nsubj
2	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 dipping	punct
3	dipping	dip	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 ěr	acl
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 dipping	punct
5	pertains	pertain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 ear	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 ear	det
8	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pertains	obl
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 denotes	punct
10	èr	èr	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 denotes	nsubj
11	(	(	PUNCT	_	12 falling	punct
12	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 èr	acl
13	)	)	PUNCT	_	12 falling	punct
14	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 pertains	conj
15	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	14 denotes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dip	gerund	ěr not said here						vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	pertain	present	ěr					to the ear	vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to ear=Co-Theme
3	fall	gerund	èr not said here						vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	denote	present	èr	two					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot two=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chinese-street/18-the-body/e2/