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Test 6 · ★★ · The four tones: same sound, different meaning

In a cartoon an English kid shouts «nǐ hǎo?» with a rising voice to mean hello. What is off?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: English kid · What happens: shout, rise, mean · To what, where: nǐ, cartoon

This is test 6 · ★★ of lesson 2 «The four tones: same sound, different meaning» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon an English kid shouts «nǐ hǎo?» with a rising voice to mean hello.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shouts	obl
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 kid	det
5	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kid	amod
6	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shouts	nsubj
7	shouts	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 nǐ	punct
9	nǐ	nǐ	X	Foreign=Yes	7 shouts	obj
10	hǎo	hǎo	X	Foreign=Yes	9 nǐ	flat:foreign
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 nǐ	punct
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 nǐ	punct
13	with	with	ADP	_	16 voice	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 voice	det
15	rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	16 voice	amod
16	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shouts	obl
17	to	to	PART	_	18 mean	mark
18	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 shouts	advcl
19	hello	hello	INTJ	_	18 mean	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 shouts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shout speech: express	present	a English kid	nǐ		a cartoon		with a rising voice	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nǐ=Topic
2	rise	gerund							vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	mean	to-infinitive	a English kid not said here						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hello=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is off?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 off	cop
3	off	off	ADP	_	1 What	compound:prt
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The rise at the end makes it sound like a question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rise	det
2	rise	rise	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 makes	nsubj
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 end	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 end	det
5	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 rise	nmod
6	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 makes	obj
8	sound	sound	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 makes	xcomp
9	like	like	ADP	_	11 question	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 question	det
11	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sound	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the rise at the end	end					tree rules
2	sound	infinitive	end not said here					like a question	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

Nothing, all greetings rise

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 rise	compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 greetings	det
4	greetings	greeting	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 rise	nsubj
5	rise	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	present	all greetings						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Hello must always be whispered

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hello	hello	INTJ	_	5 whispered	discourse
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 whispered	aux
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 whispered	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 whispered	aux:pass
5	whispered	whisper	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	whisper speech: assert	must · passive						always property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»

Option 4

nǐ hǎo is goodbye

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	nǐ	nǐ	X	Foreign=Yes	4 goodbye	nsubj
2	hǎo	hǎo	X	Foreign=Yes	1 nǐ	flat:foreign
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 goodbye	cop
4	goodbye	goodbye	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	nǐ	goodbye					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chinese-street/2-the-four-tones/t6/