Exam question 2 · Weather and what Granny says to wear

It is given that the syllables yǔ and yú differ solely in tone. Select the statement that accurately characterises their meanings.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: syllables, you, statement · What happens: give, differ, select, characteris, mean · To what, where: It, tone, statement, meanings

This is exam question 2 of lesson 20 «Weather and what Granny says to wear» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that the syllables yǔ and yú differ solely in tone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 differ	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 syllables	det
6	syllables	syllable	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 differ	nsubj
7	yǔ	yǔ	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 syllables	appos
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 yú	cc
9	yú	yú	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 yǔ	conj
10	differ	differ	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
11	solely	solely	ADV	_	10 differ	advmod
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 tone	case
13	tone	tone	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 differ	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	differ	present	the syllables			tone		solely property	vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the statement that accurately characterises their meanings.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 statement	det
3	statement	statement	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 characterises	nsubj
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 characterises	advmod
6	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 statement	acl:relcl
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 meanings	nmod:poss
8	meanings	meaning	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 characterises	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the statement		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent statement=Theme
2	characteris	present	the statement	syllables's meanings	accurately property	tree rules
3	mean		syllables = syllable			nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

yǔ (dipping) denotes rain; yú (rising) denotes fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	yǔ	yǔ	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 denotes	nsubj
2	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 dipping	punct
3	dipping	dip	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 yǔ	acl
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 dipping	punct
5	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 denotes	obj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 denotes	punct
8	yú	yú	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 denotes	nsubj
9	(	(	PUNCT	_	10 rising	punct
10	rising	rising	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 yú	appos
11	)	)	PUNCT	_	10 rising	punct
12	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 denotes	conj
13	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 denotes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	dip	gerund	yǔ not said here		vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	denote	present	yǔ	rain	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot rain=Topic
3	denote	present	yú	fish	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fish=Topic

Option 2

yǔ (dipping) denotes fish; yú (rising) denotes rain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	yǔ	yǔ	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 denotes	nsubj
2	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 dipping	punct
3	dipping	dip	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 yǔ	acl
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 dipping	punct
5	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 denotes	obj
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 denotes	punct
8	yú	yú	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 denotes	nsubj
9	(	(	PUNCT	_	10 rising	punct
10	rising	rising	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 yú	appos
11	)	)	PUNCT	_	10 rising	punct
12	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 denotes	conj
13	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 denotes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	dip	gerund	yǔ not said here		vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	denote	present	yǔ	fish	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fish=Topic
3	denote	present	yú	rain	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot rain=Topic

Option 3

Both denote wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 denote	nsubj
2	denote	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denote	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	Both	wind					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot wind=Topic

Option 4

Both denote snow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	2 denote	nsubj
2	denote	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denote	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	Both	snow					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot snow=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chinese-street/20-weather-and-what-granny-says-to-wear/e2/