Test 7 · ★★ · Words that hurt — what they mean, never to be said Lín's teacher hears a kid call someone "waste matter". The kid says "my dad says it to me". What's true?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: teacher, kid, dad · What happens: hear, say, be · To what, where: kid call, kid · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 24 «Words that hurt — what they mean, never to be said» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Lín's teacher hears a kid call someone "waste matter".
nmod:poss case nsubj det compound obj nmod:unmarked punct compound appos punct punct root Lín PROPN 's PART teacher NOUN hears VERB a DET kid NOUN call NOUN someone PRON " PUNCT waste NOUN matter NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lín Lín PROPN Number=Sing 3 teacher nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Lín case 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 4 hears nsubj 4 hears hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 call det 6 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 7 call compound 7 call call NOUN Number=Sing 4 hears obj 8 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 call nmod:unmarked 9 " " PUNCT _ 11 matter punct 10 waste waste NOUN Number=Sing 11 matter compound 11 matter matter NOUN Number=Sing 8 someone appos 12 " " PUNCT _ 11 matter punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 hears punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hear present Lín's teacher a kid call someone vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer call=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: The kid says "my dad says it to me".
det nsubj punct nmod:poss nsubj ccomp obj case obl punct punct root The DET kid NOUN says VERB " PUNCT my PRON dad NOUN says VERB it PRON to ADP me PRON " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kid det 2 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 3 says nsubj 3 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 " " PUNCT _ 7 says punct 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 dad nmod:poss 6 dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 7 says nsubj 7 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 says ccomp 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 says obj 9 to to ADP _ 10 me case 10 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 says obl 11 " " PUNCT _ 7 says punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present the kid vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 say speech: assert in a quote present my dad kid the kid = kid vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Topic to i=Recipient
Sentence 3: What's true?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON 's AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 true nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 It's a joke in every family, nobody minds it
nsubj cop det case det nmod punct nsubj parataxis obj root It PRON 's AUX a DET joke NOUN in ADP every DET family NOUN , PUNCT nobody PRON minds VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 joke nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 joke cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 joke det 4 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 family case 6 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 family det 7 family family NOUN Number=Sing 4 joke nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 minds punct 9 nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 10 minds nsubj 10 minds mind VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 joke parataxis 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 minds obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It a joke every family tree rules 2 mind present nobody family vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Option 2 It's a word for doing well
nsubj cop det mark acl advmod root It PRON 's AUX a DET word NOUN for SCONJ doing VERB well ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 word nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 word cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 word det 4 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 for for SCONJ _ 6 doing mark 6 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 word acl 7 well well ADV Degree=Pos 6 doing advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It a word tree rules 2 do gerund a word not said here well property vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer It hurts; some kids hear it from adults, never add to it
nsubj punct det nsubj advcl obj case obl punct advmod conj case obl root It PRON hurts VERB ; PUNCT some DET kids NOUN hear VERB it PRON from ADP adults NOUN , PUNCT never ADV add VERB to ADP it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 hurts nsubj 2 hurts hurt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 ; ; PUNCT _ 6 hear punct 4 some some DET PronType=Ind 5 kids det 5 kids kid NOUN Number=Plur 6 hear nsubj 6 hear hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 hurts advcl 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 hear obj 8 from from ADP _ 9 adults case 9 adults adult NOUN Number=Plur 6 hear obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 add punct 11 never never ADV PronType=Neg 12 add advmod 12 add add VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 hear conj 13 to to ADP _ 14 it case 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 add obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt present It vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus 2 hear present some kids it from adults vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Topic from adult=Source 3 not add speech: assert infinitive some kids not said here it vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to it=Co-Patient
Option 4 It's fine because a dad said it, so it's allowed
expl cop mark det nsubj parataxis obj punct advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass conj root It PRON 's AUX fine ADJ because SCONJ a DET dad NOUN said VERB it PRON , PUNCT so ADV it PRON 's AUX allowed VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 fine expl 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 fine cop 3 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 because because SCONJ _ 7 said mark 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dad det 6 dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 7 said nsubj 7 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 fine parataxis 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 said obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 allowed punct 10 so so ADV _ 13 allowed advmod 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 allowed nsubj:pass 12 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 allowed aux:pass 13 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 fine conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present fine property tree rules 2 say speech: assert past a dad it vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic 3 allow present · passive it vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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