Exam question 4 · Names and "how old are you?"

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the appellation Lǎo Lǐ?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: appellation

This is exam question 4 of lesson 5 «Names and "how old are you?"» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 appellation	det
10	appellation	appellation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	Lǎo	Lǎo	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 appellation	appos
12	Lǐ	Lǐ	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Lǎo	flat
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the appellation				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is an insult concerning the age of the addressee

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 insult	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 insult	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 insult	det
4	insult	insult	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 insult	acl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 age	det
7	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 concerning	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 addressee	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 addressee	det
10	addressee	addressee	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 age	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a insult					tree rules
2	concern	gerund	a insult not said here	the age of the addressee					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus age=Experiencer

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is an affectionate form employed by adults for a man of comparable or greater age

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 form	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 form	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 form	det
4	affectionate	affectionate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 form	amod
5	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 form	acl
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 adults	case
8	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 employed	obl
9	for	for	ADP	_	11 man	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 man	det
11	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 employed	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 comparable	case
13	comparable	comparable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 man	nmod
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 age	cc
15	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 age	amod
16	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 man	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a affectionate form					tree rules
2	employ	participle		a affectionate form not said here				by adults; for a man of comparable or greater age	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for man=Eventuality

Option 3

It is the customary form by which children address adults

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 form	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 form	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 form	det
4	customary	customary	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 form	compound
5	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 address	obl
8	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 address	nsubj
9	address	address	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 form	acl:relcl
10	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 address	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the customary form					tree rules
2	address	present	children		adults			by the customary form	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adult=Destination

Option 4

It designates a man younger than the speaker

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 designates	nsubj
2	designates	designate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 man	det
4	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 designates	obj
5	younger	young	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 designates	xcomp
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 speaker	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 speaker	det
8	speaker	speaker	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 younger	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	designate	present	It	a man				young property	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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