Exam question 4 · Counting 1 to 10, on one hand

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hand sign formed by the extended thumb and index finger?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, form · To what, where: hand sign

This is exam question 4 of lesson 6 «Counting 1 to 10, on one hand» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sign	det
10	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sign	compound
11	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 sign	acl
13	by	by	ADP	_	16 thumb	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 thumb	det
15	extended	extended	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 thumb	amod
16	thumb	thumb	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 formed	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 finger	cc
18	index	index	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 finger	compound
19	finger	finger	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 thumb	conj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the hand sign	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	form	participle	the hand sign not said here	by the extended thumb and index finger	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by thumb=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It signifies defeat in a game

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 signifies	nsubj
2	signifies	signify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	defeat	defeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 game	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 game	det
6	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 signifies	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	signify	present	It	defeat				in a game	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot defeat=Theme in game=Attribute

Option 2

It constitutes a threatening gesture

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 gesture	det
4	threatening	threaten	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 gesture	amod
5	gesture	gesture	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a threatening gesture					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme gesture=Pivot
2	threaten	gerund							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It denotes the numeral eight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 numeral	det
4	numeral	numeral	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obj
5	eight	eight	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 numeral	flat

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	the numeral					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot numeral=Topic

Option 4

It denotes the numeral two

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 numeral	det
4	numeral	numeral	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obj
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 numeral	flat

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	the numeral					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot numeral=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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