Exam question 4 · Colours

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the element sè in the names of colours?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, name · To what, where: element sè, names, colours

This is exam question 4 of lesson 8 «Colours» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sè	det
10	element	element	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sè	compound
11	sè	sè	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 names	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 names	det
14	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 colours	case
16	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 names	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the element sè	the names of colours	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	name		colours			nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It indicates the plural

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 indicates	nsubj
2	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 plural	det
4	plural	plural	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	It	the plural					vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot plural=Topic

Option 2

It is an intensifying particle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 particle	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 particle	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 particle	det
4	intensifying	intensify	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 particle	amod
5	particle	particle	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	intensify	gerund							vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	is a	present	It	a intensifying particle					tree rules

Option 3

It denotes a particular shade of red or orange

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 shade	det
4	particular	particular	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 shade	amod
5	shade	shade	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 red	case
7	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 shade	nmod
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 orange	cc
9	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 red	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	a particular shade of red					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot shade=Topic

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is the word signifying colour itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 word	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 word	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 word	det
4	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	signifying	signify	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 word	acl
6	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 signifying	obj
7	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	6 colour	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the word					tree rules
2	signify	gerund	the word not said here	colour colour					vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot colour=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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