Exam question 4 · Family: mum, dad, brothers and sisters

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the term dúshēngzǐ?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: term dúshēngzǐ

This is exam question 4 of lesson 9 «Family: mum, dad, brothers and sisters» of the Chinese street course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dúshēngzǐ	det
10	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 dúshēngzǐ	compound
11	dúshēngzǐ	dúshēngzǐ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the term dúshēngzǐ				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is a term of reproach directed at spoilt children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 term	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 term	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 term	det
4	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 reproach	case
6	reproach	reproach	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 term	nmod
7	directed	direct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 term	acl
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 children	case
9	spoilt	spoilt	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 children	amod
10	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 directed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a term				of reproach	tree rules
2	direct	participle		a term not said here				at spoilt children	vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent at child=Eventuality

Option 2

It denotes a twin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 twin	det
4	twin	twin	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	a twin					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot twin=Topic

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It denotes an only child, with no connotation of misfortune

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 child	det
4	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 child	amod
5	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 connotation	punct
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 connotation	case
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 connotation	det
9	connotation	connotation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 misfortune	case
11	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 connotation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	a only child				with no connotation of misfortune	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot child=Topic
2	connote			misfortune					nom connotation «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It denotes the eldest of numerous siblings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 eldest	det
4	eldest	eld	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 denotes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 siblings	case
6	numerous	numerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 siblings	amod
7	siblings	sibling	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 eldest	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	the eldest					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot eld=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chinese-street/9-family-mum-dad-brothers-sisters/e4/