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Test 9 · ★ · Prefixes: un-, dis-, mis-, re-, pre-, in-, im-, il-, ir-

Gran: «don't be disrespectful, love». What is the root word, and what does the prefix do?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: prefix · What happens: not be, be, do · To what, where: root word

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 12 «Prefixes: un-, dis-, mis-, re-, pre-, in-, im-, il-, ir-» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Gran: «don't be disrespectful, love».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gran	gran	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 disrespectful	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 disrespectful	punct
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	7 disrespectful	aux
5	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 disrespectful	advmod
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 disrespectful	cop
7	disrespectful	disrespectful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Gran	parataxis
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 love	punct
9	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 disrespectful	vocative
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 love	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Gran	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is in a quote	infinitive · do-support						love vocative; disrespectful property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the root word, and what does the prefix do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 word	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 word	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 word	det
4	root	root	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 word	compound
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 do	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 do	cc
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	12 do	obj
9	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 do	aux
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 prefix	det
11	prefix	prefix	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 do	nsubj
12	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 word	parataxis
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 word	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		the root word					tree rules
2	do	present · do-support	the prefix	the root word					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

respect; dis- means again

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
3	dis	dis	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 dis	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	again	again	ADV	_	5 means	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	respect				again		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 2

spectful; disre- means not

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	spectful	spectful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 means	nsubj
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 spectful	punct
3	disre	disre	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 disre	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 means	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not mean	present	spectful						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 3

disrespect; -ful means not

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	disrespect	disrespect	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ful	compound
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 disrespect	punct
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 ful	punct
4	ful	ful	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 means	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not mean	present	disrespect ful						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

respectful; dis- makes the opposite

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	respectful	respectful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 makes	advmod
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 makes	punct
3	dis	dis	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 makes	nsubj
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 dis	punct
5	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 opposite	det
7	opposite	opposite	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 makes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	dis	the opposite					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset opposite=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/12-prefixes-un-dis-mis-re-pre-in-im-il-ir/t9/