Exam question 4 · Vocabulary in context

Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning synonyms?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, be, establish

This is exam question 4 of lesson 20 «Vocabulary in context» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 consistent	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 consistent	cop
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 facts	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 facts	det
10	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 facts	amod
11	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
12	concerning	concerning	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 synonyms	amod
13	synonyms	synonym	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 facts	conj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 consistent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present	of the following statements; with the established facts and concerning synonyms; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle		vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Synonyms are words of opposite meaning, as are hot and cold or big and small

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Synonyms	synonym	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 words	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 words	cop
3	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 meaning	case
5	opposite	opposite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 meaning	amod
6	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 words	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hot	punct
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 hot	mark
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 hot	cop
10	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 words	appos
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 cold	cc
12	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 hot	conj
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 big	cc
14	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 hot	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 small	cc
16	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 hot	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Synonyms	words	of opposite meaning	tree rules
2	is	present			hot property	tree rules
3	be					tree rules
4	be					tree rules
5	be					tree rules

Option 2

Synonyms are words that sound alike

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Synonyms	synonym	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 words	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 words	cop
3	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 sound	nsubj
5	sound	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 words	acl:relcl
6	alike	alike	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sound	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Synonyms	words					tree rules
2	sound	present	words					alike property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Synonyms share a similar meaning but may differ in strength or feeling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Synonyms	synonym	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 share	nsubj
2	share	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 meaning	det
4	similar	similar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 meaning	amod
5	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 share	obj
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 differ	cc
7	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 differ	aux
8	differ	differ	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 share	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 strength	case
10	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 differ	obl
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 feeling	cc
12	feeling	feeling	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 strength	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	share	present	Synonyms	a similar meaning					tree rules
2	differ	may	Synonyms not said here			strength or feeling			vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Synonyms are identical in every respect

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Synonyms	synonym	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 identical	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 identical	cop
3	identical	identical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 respect	case
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 respect	det
6	respect	respect	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 identical	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Synonyms			every respect		identical property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/20-vocabulary-in-context/e4/