Test 5 · ★ · Reading a story: characters, plot and setting ★★★ «Ravi pretended he wasn't scared of the dark. But every night he left the hall light on "by accident".» Which is the best summary of Ravi?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: ★ ★ ★, Ravi, ★ · What happens: pretend, not be, leave, be · To what, where: hall light, accident, best summary · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 22 «Reading a story: characters, plot and setting» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: ★★★ «Ravi pretended he wasn't scared of the dark.
compound compound nsubj punct nsubj nsubj cop advmod ccomp case det obl punct root ★ PROPN ★ X ★ NOUN « PUNCT Ravi PROPN pretended VERB he PRON was AUX n't PART scared ADJ of ADP the DET dark NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ★ ★ PROPN Number=Sing 3 ★ compound 2 ★ ★ X _ 3 ★ compound 3 ★ ★ NOUN Number=Sing 6 pretended nsubj 4 « « PUNCT _ 6 pretended punct 5 Ravi Ravi PROPN Number=Sing 6 pretended nsubj 6 pretended pretend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 scared nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 scared cop 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 scared advmod 10 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos 6 pretended ccomp 11 of of ADP _ 13 dark case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 dark det 13 dark dark NOUN Number=Sing 10 scared obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 pretended punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend in a quote past ★ ★ ★ tree rules 2 not is in a quote past Ravi of the dark; scared property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: But every night he left the hall light on "by accident".»
cc det obl:unmarked nsubj det compound obj case punct case obl punct punct punct root But CCONJ every DET night NOUN he PRON left VERB the DET hall NOUN light NOUN on ADP " PUNCT by ADP accident NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 5 left cc 2 every every DET PronType=Tot 3 night det 3 night night NOUN Number=Sing 5 left obl:unmarked 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 left nsubj 5 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 light det 7 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing 8 light compound 8 light light NOUN Number=Sing 5 left obj 9 on on ADP _ 12 accident case 10 " " PUNCT _ 12 accident punct 11 by by ADP _ 12 accident case 12 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing 5 left obl 13 " " PUNCT _ 12 accident punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 left punct 15 » » PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past ★ the hall light accident night vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent light=Theme on accident=Location
Sentence 3: Which is the best summary of Ravi?
nsubj cop det amod case nmod punct root Which PRON is AUX the DET best ADJ summary NOUN of ADP Ravi PROPN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which PRON PronType=Rel 5 summary nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 summary cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 summary det 4 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 5 summary amod 5 summary summary NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 Ravi case 7 Ravi Ravi PROPN Number=Sing 5 summary nmod 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 summary punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the best summary of Ravi tree rules
The options Option 1 He loves electricity
nsubj obj root He PRON loves VERB electricity NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 loves nsubj 2 loves love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 electricity electricity NOUN Number=Sing 2 loves obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present He electricity vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer electricity=Stimulus
Option 2 He is not scared and keeps forgetting to switch off the light in the hall
The tree, 15 words nsubj cop advmod cc conj xcomp mark xcomp compound:prt det obj case det obl root He PRON is AUX not PART scared ADJ and CCONJ keeps VERB forgetting VERB to PART switch VERB off ADP the DET light NOUN in ADP the DET hall NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 scared nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 scared cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 scared advmod 4 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 keeps cc 6 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 scared conj 7 forgetting forget VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 keeps xcomp 8 to to PART _ 9 switch mark 9 switch switch VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 forgetting xcomp 10 off off ADP _ 9 switch compound:prt 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 light det 12 light light NOUN Number=Sing 9 switch obj 13 in in ADP _ 15 hall case 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 hall det 15 hall hall NOUN Number=Sing 9 switch obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is present He scared property tree rules 2 keep present He not said here tree rules 3 forget gerund He not said here tree rules 4 not switch off to-infinitive He not said here the light the hall vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer He is scared of the dark but doesn't want to admit it
nsubj cop case det obl cc aux advmod conj mark xcomp obj root He PRON is AUX scared ADJ of ADP the DET dark NOUN but CCONJ does AUX n't PART want VERB to PART admit VERB it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 scared nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 scared cop 3 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 dark case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 dark det 6 dark dark NOUN Number=Sing 3 scared obl 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 want cc 8 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 want aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 want advmod 10 want want VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 scared conj 11 to to PART _ 12 admit mark 12 admit admit VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 want xcomp 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 admit obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present He of the dark; scared property tree rules 2 not want present · do-support He not said here vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 admit speech: other not said to happen to-infinitive He not said here dark vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Option 4 He wants to annoy his family on purpose
nsubj mark xcomp nmod:poss obj case obl root He PRON wants VERB to PART annoy VERB his PRON family NOUN on ADP purpose NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 wants nsubj 2 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 annoy mark 4 annoy annoy VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 wants xcomp 5 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 family nmod:poss 6 family family NOUN Number=Sing 4 annoy obj 7 on on ADP _ 8 purpose case 8 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 4 annoy obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present He vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 annoy not said to happen to-infinitive He not said here his family purpose vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus family=Experiencer
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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