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Exam question 4 · Reading poems: meaning, sound and pictures

Ascertain the principal idea conveyed by the lines «Who has seen the wind? / Neither I nor you».

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, lines · What happens: ascertain, convey, see · To what, where: principal idea, wind

This is exam question 4 of lesson 25 «Reading poems: meaning, sound and pictures» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Ascertain the principal idea conveyed by the lines «Who has seen the wind?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 idea	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 idea	amod
4	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	conveyed	convey	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 idea	acl
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 lines	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 lines	det
8	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 conveyed	obl
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 seen	punct
10	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 seen	nsubj
11	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 seen	aux
12	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 lines	acl:relcl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 wind	det
14	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 seen	obj
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal idea					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Topic
2	convey	participle		the principal idea not said here				by the lines	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	see in a quote	present · perfect	the lines	the wind					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wind=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: / Neither I nor you».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	/	/	PUNCT	_	3 I	punct
2	Neither	neither	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	3 I	cc:preconj
3	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	root	root
4	nor	nor	CCONJ	Polarity=Neg	5 you	cc
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 I	conj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 I	punct
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 I	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

That the wind does not exist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 wind	det
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 wind	det
3	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 exist	nsubj
4	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 exist	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 exist	advmod
6	exist	exist	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not exist	present · do-support	that wind						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

That the wind is visible only to poets

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 wind	det
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 wind	det
3	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 visible	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 visible	cop
5	visible	visible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	only	only	ADV	_	8 poets	advmod
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 poets	case
8	poets	poet	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 visible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that wind					to poets; visible property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

That the wind is perceived through its effects rather than seen directly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 wind	det
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 wind	det
3	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 perceived	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 perceived	aux:pass
5	perceived	perceive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	through	through	ADP	_	8 effects	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 effects	nmod:poss
8	effects	effect	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 perceived	obl
9	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	11 seen	cc
10	than	than	ADP	_	9 rather	fixed
11	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 perceived	conj
12	directly	directly	ADV	_	11 seen	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perceive	present · passive		that wind		wind's effects			vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus
2	see	participle						directly property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	effect		wind						nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

That the poet is blind and therefore unable to perceive the weather

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 poet	det
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 poet	det
3	poet	poet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blind	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 blind	cop
5	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 unable	cc
7	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	8 unable	advmod
8	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 blind	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 perceive	mark
10	perceive	perceive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 unable	xcomp
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 weather	det
12	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 perceive	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that poet					blind property	tree rules
2	be		that poet not said here					therefore property	tree rules
3	perceive	to-infinitive	that poet not said here	the weather					vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer weather=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/25-reading-poems-meaning-sound-and-pictures/e4/