Exam question 2 · Word classes: the jobs words do

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises an adverb?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: adverb

This is exam question 2 of lesson 27 «Word classes: the jobs words do» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 adverb	det
10	adverb	adverb	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a adverb				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A word that joins two clauses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 word	det
2	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 joins	nsubj
4	joins	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 word	acl:relcl
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 clauses	nummod
6	clauses	clause	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 joins	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	join	present	a word	two clauses					vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Patient

Option 2

A word that names a person or place

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 word	det
2	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 names	nsubj
4	names	name	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 word	acl:relcl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 person	det
6	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 names	obj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 place	cc
8	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 person	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	name	present	a word	a person or place					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A word that modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 word	det
2	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 modifies	nsubj
4	modifies	modify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 word	acl:relcl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 verb	det
6	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 modifies	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 adjective	punct
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 adjective	det
9	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 word	conj
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 adverb	cc
11	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	12 adverb	det
12	adverb	adverb	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 word	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	modify	present	a word and a adjective or another adverb	a verb					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent verb=Patient

Option 4

A word that stands in for a noun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 word	det
2	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 stands	nsubj
4	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 word	acl:relcl
5	in	in	ADP	_	4 stands	compound:prt
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 noun	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 noun	det
8	noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stands	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand in	present	a word					for a noun	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for noun=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/27-word-classes-the-jobs-words-do/e2/