Test 2 · ★ · Fronted adverbials

★★ Which sentence uses a fronted adverbial correctly?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: ★ ★ · What happens: use, front · To what, where: fronted adverbial

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 29 «Fronted adverbials» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 uses	nsubj
3	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	4 sentence	det
4	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ★	appos
5	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 adverbial	det
7	fronted	front	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 adverbial	amod
8	adverbial	adverbial	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 uses	obj
9	correctly	correctly	ADV	_	5 uses	advmod
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 uses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	★ ★	a fronted adverbial				correctly property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent adverbial=Patient
2	front	participle							tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Without a sound, the cat crept upstairs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	ADP	_	3 sound	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 sound	det
3	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 crept	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 sound	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 cat	det
6	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 crept	nsubj
7	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	upstairs	upstairs	ADV	_	7 crept	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 crept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	creep	past	the cat					without a sound; upstairs property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Without a sound the cat, crept upstairs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	ADP	_	3 sound	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 sound	det
3	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 crept	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 cat	det
5	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sound	appos
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 sound	punct
7	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	upstairs	upstairs	ADV	_	7 crept	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 crept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	creep	past						without a sound; upstairs property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

The cat crept, without a sound upstairs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cat	det
2	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crept	nsubj
3	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 sound	punct
5	without	without	ADP	_	7 sound	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 sound	det
7	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crept	obl
8	upstairs	upstairs	ADV	_	7 sound	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 crept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	creep	past	the cat					without a sound	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Without a sound, crept upstairs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	ADP	_	3 sound	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 sound	det
3	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 crept	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 sound	punct
5	crept	creep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	upstairs	upstairs	ADV	_	5 crept	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 crept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	creep	past						without a sound; upstairs property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/29-fronted-adverbials/t2/