Exam question 2 · Relative clauses

Which of the following sentences most accurately employs a relative clause in standard English?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, employ · To what, where: relative clause, standard English

This is exam question 2 of lesson 30 «Relative clauses» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 employs	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 sentences	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sentences	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 sentences	amod
5	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 employs	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 employs	advmod
8	employs	employ	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 clause	det
10	relative	relative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 clause	amod
11	clause	clause	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 employs	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 English	case
13	standard	standard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 English	amod
14	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 clause	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 employs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	employ	present		a relative clause		standard English		of the following sentences; accurately property	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The man whose repaired the roof has departed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 man	det
2	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 departed	nsubj:pass
3	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	4 repaired	nmod:poss
4	repaired	repair	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 man	acl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 roof	det
6	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 repaired	obj
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 departed	aux
8	departed	depart	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 departed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repair	participle		the roof					vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent roof=Patient
2	depart	present · perfect · passive		the man					vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Initial_Location

Option 2

The man which repaired the roof has departed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 man	det
2	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 departed	nsubj
3	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 repaired	nsubj
4	repaired	repair	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 man	acl:relcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 roof	det
6	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 repaired	obj
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 departed	aux
8	departed	depart	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 departed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repair	past	the man	the roof					vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent roof=Patient
2	depart	present · perfect	the man						vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The man who repaired the roof has departed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 man	det
2	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 departed	nsubj
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 repaired	nsubj
4	repaired	repair	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 man	acl:relcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 roof	det
6	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 repaired	obj
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 departed	aux
8	departed	depart	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 departed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repair	past	the man	the roof					vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent roof=Patient
2	depart	present · perfect	the man						vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The man what repaired the roof has departed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 man	det
2	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 departed	nsubj
3	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 repaired	nsubj
4	repaired	repair	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 man	acl:relcl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 roof	det
6	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 repaired	obj
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 departed	aux
8	departed	depart	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 departed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repair	past	the man	the roof					vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent roof=Patient
2	depart	present · perfect	the man						vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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