Test 5 · ★★★ · Relative clauses

★★★ In which sentence can you leave out «that» and still be correct?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ ★ ★ · What happens: leave out, be · To what, where: that

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Relative clauses» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 leave	nsubj
4	In	in	ADP	_	6 sentence	case
5	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	6 sentence	det
6	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	nmod
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 leave	aux
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 leave	nsubj
9	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
10	out	out	ADP	_	9 leave	compound:prt
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 that	punct
12	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 leave	obl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 leave	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 correct	cc
15	still	still	ADV	_	17 correct	advmod
16	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	17 correct	cop
17	correct	correct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 leave	conj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	9 leave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave out	can	★ ★ ★ in which sentence	that					vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is	infinitive	★ ★ ★ in which sentence not said here				still	correct property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The boy that won smiled.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smiled	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 won	nsubj
4	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 boy	acl:relcl
5	smiled	smile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 smiled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	past	the boy						vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	smile	past	the boy						vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The bus that comes at eight is late.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 bus	det
2	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 late	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 comes	nsubj
4	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 bus	acl:relcl
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 eight	case
6	eight	eight	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 comes	obl
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 late	cop
8	late	late	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 late	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	the bus			eight			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at eight=Location
2	is	present	the bus					late property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The cake that Mum made was huge.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cake	det
2	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 huge	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 made	nsubj
4	Mum	Mum	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 made	nsubj
5	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 cake	acl:relcl
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 huge	cop
7	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 huge	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	the cake						vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	is	past	the cake					huge property	tree rules

Option 4

The dog that bit me ran off.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ran	nsubj
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 bit	nsubj
4	bit	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 dog	acl:relcl
5	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 bit	obj
6	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	off	off	ADP	_	6 ran	compound:prt
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 ran	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite	past	the dog	me					vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient
2	run off	past	the dog						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/30-relative-clauses/t5/