Test 8 · ★★★ · Relative clauses

What would happen to «The boy who won the race smiled» if you took out the relative clause?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy, you · What happens: happen, win, smile, take out · To what, where: race, relative clause

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 30 «Relative clauses» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	aux
3	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	12 smiled	mark
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 smiled	punct
6	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 boy	det
7	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 smiled	nsubj
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 won	nsubj
9	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 boy	acl:relcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 race	det
11	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 won	obj
12	smiled	smile	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct
14	if	if	SCONJ	_	16 took	mark
15	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 took	nsubj
16	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 happen	advcl
17	out	out	ADP	_	16 took	compound:prt
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 clause	det
19	relative	relative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 clause	amod
20	clause	clause	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 took	obj
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	happen	would			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	win in a quote	past	the boy	the race	vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality
3	smile in a quote	past	the boy		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	take out a condition, not said to happen	past	you	the relative clause	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

You'd still have a sentence, but not know which boy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 have	nsubj
2	'd	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 have	aux
3	still	still	ADV	_	4 have	advmod
4	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 sentence	det
6	sentence	sentence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 have	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 know	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 know	cc
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 know	advmod
10	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 have	parataxis
11	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	12 boy	det
12	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 know	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	would	You	a sentence			still		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient
2	not know	infinitive		which boy					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer boy=Stimulus

Option 2

It would become a question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 become	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 become	aux
3	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 question	det
5	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 become	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	would	It	a question					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 3

Nothing, it says the same

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 says	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 same	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 says	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Nothing	the same					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent same=Topic

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It would no longer have a verb

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 have	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 have	aux
3	no	no	ADV	_	4 longer	advmod
4	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 have	advmod
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 verb	det
7	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	would	It	a verb				long property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent verb=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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