Test 1 · ★★ · Active and passive voice, modal verbs Your mate goes "passive is lazy, teachers hate it, no cap." ("No cap" means for real.) What is true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, passive, teachers, cap · What happens: go, be, hate, mean · To what, where: passive · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 32 «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Your mate goes "passive is lazy, teachers hate it, no cap."
nmod:poss nsubj punct nsubj cop ccomp punct nsubj parataxis obj punct det obl punct punct root Your PRON mate NOUN goes VERB " PUNCT passive NOUN is AUX lazy ADJ , PUNCT teachers NOUN hate VERB it PRON , PUNCT no DET cap NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 mate nmod:poss 2 mate mate NOUN Number=Sing 3 goes nsubj 3 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 " " PUNCT _ 7 lazy punct 5 passive passive NOUN Number=Sing 7 lazy nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lazy cop 7 lazy lazy ADJ Degree=Pos 3 goes ccomp 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 hate punct 9 teachers teacher NOUN Number=Plur 10 hate nsubj 10 hate hate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lazy parataxis 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 hate obj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 cap punct 13 no no DET PronType=Neg 14 cap det 14 cap cap NOUN Number=Sing 10 hate obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 goes punct 16 " " PUNCT _ 3 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present Your mate vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is in a quote present passive lazy property tree rules 3 hate in a quote present teachers passive no cap obl vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("No cap" means for real.)
punct punct det nsubj punct case obl punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT No DET cap NOUN " PUNCT means VERB for ADP real ADJ . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 4 cap punct 3 No no DET PronType=Neg 4 cap det 4 cap cap NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 cap punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 for for ADP _ 8 real case 8 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 6 means obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present no cap for real vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot for real=Attribute
Sentence 3: What is true?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON is AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 true nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice It means the sentence has no verb at all
nsubj det nsubj ccomp det obj case nmod root It PRON means VERB the DET sentence NOUN has VERB no DET verb NOUN at ADP all DET The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sentence det 4 sentence sentence NOUN Number=Sing 5 has nsubj 5 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 means ccomp 6 no no DET PronType=Neg 7 verb det 7 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 5 has obj 8 at at ADP _ 9 all case 9 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 verb nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present It vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have present the sentence no verb all vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent verb=Patient
Option 2 It is only used in poems about the past
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case obl case det nmod root It PRON is AUX only ADV used VERB in ADP poems NOUN about ADP the DET past NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 used nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 used aux:pass 3 only only ADV _ 4 used advmod 4 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 poems case 6 poems poem NOUN Number=Plur 4 used obl 7 about about ADP _ 9 past case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 past det 9 past past NOUN Number=Sing 6 poems nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive It poems about the past vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer It is useful when the doer is unknown or not important
nsubj cop mark det nsubj cop advcl cc advmod conj root It PRON is AUX useful ADJ when SCONJ the DET doer NOUN is AUX unknown ADJ or CCONJ not PART important ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 useful nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 useful cop 3 useful useful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 when when SCONJ _ 8 unknown mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 doer det 6 doer doer NOUN Number=Sing 8 unknown nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 unknown cop 8 unknown unknown ADJ Degree=Pos 3 useful advcl 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 important cc 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 important advmod 11 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 3 useful conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It useful property tree rules 2 is present the doer unknown property tree rules 3 not be tree rules
Option 4 It is always wrong and loses marks in every test
nsubj cop advmod cc conj obj case det obl root It PRON is AUX always ADV wrong ADJ and CCONJ loses VERB marks NOUN in ADP every DET test NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 wrong nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 wrong cop 3 always always ADV PronType=Tot 4 wrong advmod 4 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 loses cc 6 loses lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 wrong conj 7 marks mark NOUN Number=Plur 6 loses obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 test case 9 every every DET PronType=Tot 10 test det 10 test test NOUN Number=Sing 6 loses obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It always, wrong property tree rules 2 lose present marks every test vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Eventuality
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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