Test 3 · ★★ · Active and passive voice, modal verbs

★★★ Turn into the active: "The trophy was won by our class."

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: class · What happens: turn, win · To what, where: ★ ★ ★, active, trophy

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 32 «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	Turn	turn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 ★	acl
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 active	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 active	det
7	active	active	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 Turn	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 won	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 won	punct
10	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 trophy	det
11	trophy	trophy	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 won	nsubj
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 won	aux:pass
13	won	win	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 ★	acl
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 class	case
15	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 class	nmod:poss
16	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 won	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 ★	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ★	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn	participle		★ ★ ★ not said here		the active			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into active=Trajectory
2	win in a quote	past · passive	our class	the trophy					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The trophy won our class.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 trophy	det
2	trophy	trophy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 won	nsubj
3	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 class	nmod:poss
5	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 won	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 won	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	past	the trophy	our class					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent class=Eventuality

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Our class won the trophy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 class	nmod:poss
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 won	nsubj
3	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 trophy	det
5	trophy	trophy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 won	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 won	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	past	Our class	the trophy					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trophy=Eventuality

Option 3

Our class was won by the trophy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 class	nmod:poss
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 won	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 won	aux:pass
4	won	win	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 trophy	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 trophy	det
7	trophy	trophy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 won	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 won	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	past · passive	the trophy	Our class					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Eventuality

Option 4

Our class wins the trophy.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 class	nmod:poss
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wins	nsubj
3	wins	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 trophy	det
5	trophy	trophy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wins	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 wins	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	present	Our class	the trophy					vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trophy=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs/t3/