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Test 10 · Apostrophes: missing letters and belonging

Cousin in Ohio, Gen Alpha: "This sandwich is bussin', its fire." ("Bussin'" and "fire" both mean really good.) What should "its" be?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sandwich, both · What happens: be, fire, mean · To what, where: Bussin

This is test 10 of lesson 34 «Apostrophes: missing letters and belonging» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Cousin in Ohio, Gen Alpha: "This sandwich is bussin', its fire."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 Ohio	case
3	Ohio	Ohio	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Cousin	nmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 Alpha	punct
5	Gen	Gen	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Alpha	compound
6	Alpha	Alpha	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Ohio	conj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 bussin	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 bussin	punct
9	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 sandwich	det
10	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 bussin	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 bussin	cop
12	bussin	bussin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Cousin	conj
13	',	',	PUNCT	_	12 bussin	punct
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 fire	nmod:poss
15	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 bussin	nsubj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Cousin	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Cousin	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	this sandwich					bussin property	tree rules
2	fire in a quote		sandwich						nom fire «event transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: ("Bussin'" and "fire" both mean really good.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct
3	Bussin	Bussin	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	'	'	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 fire	cc
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 fire	punct
8	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Bussin	conj
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 fire	punct
10	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	11 mean	nsubj
11	mean	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 Bussin	acl:relcl
12	really	really	ADV	_	13 good	advmod
13	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 mean	xcomp
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct
15	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	both	Bussin and fire not said here				good property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bussin=Topic

Sentence 3: What should "its" be?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 be	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 be	aux
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 be	punct
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 be	nmod:poss
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 be	punct
6	be	be	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 be	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	should							vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

its'

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	root	root
2	'	'	PUNCT	_	1 its	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

it is'

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 is	nsubj
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	'	'	PUNCT	_	2 is	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	it						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

it's

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 's	nsubj
2	's	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	it						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

its's

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	root	root
2	's	's	PART	_	1 its	case

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/34-apostrophes-missing-letters-and-belonging/t10/