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Test 10 · ★ · Standard English and dialect: "we was" in talk, "we were"…

A Gen Alpha kid writes "this lesson is bussin no cap" in his English book. ("Bussin" means really good, "no cap" means for real.) What would Standard English be?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Alpha kid, lesson, Bussin, cap, Standard English · What happens: write, be, mean · To what, where: English book

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 38 «Standard English and dialect: "we was" in talk, "we were" in writing» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A Gen Alpha kid writes "this lesson is bussin no cap" in his English book.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 kid	det
2	Gen	Gen	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Alpha	compound
3	Alpha	Alpha	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 kid	compound
4	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 writes	nsubj
5	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 cap	punct
7	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 lesson	det
8	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 cap	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 cap	cop
10	bussin	bussin	ADP	_	12 cap	case
11	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	12 cap	det
12	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 writes	obj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 cap	punct
14	in	in	ADP	_	17 book	case
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 book	nmod:poss
16	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 book	amod
17	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 writes	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 writes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present	a Alpha kid			kid's English book			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in book=Destination
2	is in a quote	present	this lesson					bussin no cap	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: ("Bussin" means really good, "no cap" means for real.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct
3	Bussin	Bussin	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 Bussin	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	really	really	ADV	_	7 good	advmod
7	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 means	xcomp
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 means	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 cap	punct
10	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	11 cap	det
11	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 means	nsubj
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 cap	punct
13	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 means	conj
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 real	case
15	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 means	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct
17	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Bussin					good property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	mean	present	no cap					for real	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot for real=Attribute

Sentence 3: What would Standard English be?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 be	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 be	aux
3	Standard	Standard	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 English	compound
4	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 be	nsubj
5	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 be	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	would	Standard English						vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

This lesson are bussin, for real, no lie.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 lesson	det
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bussin	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bussin	cop
4	bussin	bussin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 real	punct
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 real	case
7	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 bussin	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 lie	punct
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 lie	det
10	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bussin	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 bussin	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	this lesson					bussin property	tree rules
2	be		this lesson not said here						tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

This lesson is really good, honestly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 lesson	det
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 good	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 good	cop
4	really	really	ADV	_	5 good	advmod
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 honestly	punct
7	honestly	honestly	ADV	_	5 good	advmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 good	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	this lesson					good, honestly property	tree rules

Option 3

This lesson is no cap.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 lesson	det
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cap	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 cap	cop
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 cap	det
5	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 cap	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	this lesson	no cap					tree rules

Option 4

This lesson bussin, no cap, innit.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 bussin	det
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bussin	compound
3	bussin	bussin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 cap	punct
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 cap	det
6	cap	cap	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bussin	appos
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 innit	punct
8	innit	innit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bussin	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 bussin	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/38-standard-english-and-dialect-we-was-and-we-were/t10/