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Test 3 · Planning before writing

In a cartoon, a knight sets off on a quest with no map and rides in circles for years. What does this show about writing?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: knight, this · What happens: set off, ride, show · To what, where: cartoon, circles

This is test 3 of lesson 39 «Planning before writing» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon, a knight sets off on a quest with no map and rides in circles for years.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sets	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cartoon	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 knight	det
6	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sets	nsubj
7	sets	set	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	off	off	ADP	_	7 sets	compound:prt
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 quest	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 quest	det
11	quest	quest	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 sets	obl
12	with	with	ADP	_	14 map	case
13	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	14 map	det
14	map	map	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 quest	nmod
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 rides	cc
16	rides	ride	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 sets	conj
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 circles	case
18	circles	circle	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 rides	obl
19	for	for	ADP	_	20 years	case
20	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 rides	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 sets	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	set off	present	a knight			a cartoon		on a quest with no map	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	ride	present	a knight not said here			circles	year		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this show about writing?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 writing	case
6	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 show	obl
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	this					about writing	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent what=Recipient about writing=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Maps are only useful for real journeys on horses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Maps	map	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 useful	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 useful	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 useful	advmod
4	useful	useful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 journeys	case
6	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 journeys	amod
7	journeys	journey	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 useful	obl
8	on	on	ADP	_	9 horses	case
9	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 journeys	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Maps					for real journeys on horses; useful property	tree rules

Option 2

Riding a horse is always better than writing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Riding	ride	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 better	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 horse	det
3	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Riding	obj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 better	cop
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 better	advmod
6	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 writing	case
8	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 better	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ride	gerund		a horse					vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme
2	is	present	Riding					than writing; always, good property	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Without a plan you can go round in circles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Without	without	ADP	_	3 plan	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 plan	det
3	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 go	obl
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	6 go	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 go	aux
6	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	round	round	ADV	_	6 go	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 circles	case
9	circles	circle	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 go	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go round	can	you			circles		without a plan; round property	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in circle=Location

Option 4

Knights in armour cannot write any stories well

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Knights	knight	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 write	nsubj
2	in	in	ADP	_	3 armour	case
3	armour	armour	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Knights	nmod
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 write	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 write	advmod
6	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 stories	det
8	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 write	obj
9	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 write	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not write	can	Knights in armour	any stories				well property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/39-planning-before-writing/t3/