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Test 6 · Editing and redrafting

A lad from Glasgow, bit gallus ("gallus" means cocky), says "Ma first draft's perfect, nae changes." What would a good editor ask?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: gallus, lad, draft, good editor · What happens: mean, say, change, ask · To what, where: Ma · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 of lesson 43 «Editing and redrafting» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A lad from Glasgow, bit gallus ("gallus" means cocky), says "Ma first draft's perfect, nae changes."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lad	det
2	lad	lad	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 says	nsubj
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 Glasgow	case
4	Glasgow	Glasgow	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 lad	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 gallus	punct
6	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gallus	compound
7	gallus	gallus	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lad	conj
8	(	(	PUNCT	_	12 means	punct
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 gallus	punct
10	gallus	gallus	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 means	nsubj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 gallus	punct
12	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 gallus	parataxis
13	cocky	cocky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 means	xcomp
14	)	)	PUNCT	_	12 means	punct
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 lad	punct
16	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 Ma	punct
18	Ma	ma	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 says	obj
19	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	16 says	advmod
20	draft	draft	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 changes	nmod:poss
21	's	's	PART	_	20 draft	case
22	perfect	perfect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 changes	amod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 perfect	punct
24	nae	nae	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 changes	amod
25	changes	change	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 says	parataxis
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	25 changes	punct
27	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 changes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	gallus					cocky property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert	present	a lad from Glasgow and bit gallus	Ma				first property	tree rules
3	change in a quote		draft						nom change «event intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would a good editor ask?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	6 ask	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 ask	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 editor	det
4	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 editor	amod
5	editor	editor	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 ask	nsubj
6	ask	ask	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 ask	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	would	a good editor						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Why not use a different pen?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 use	advmod
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 use	advmod
3	use	use	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 pen	det
5	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 pen	amod
6	pen	pen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 use	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 use	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not use	imperative	you not said here	a different pen					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pen=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Have you read it aloud to check?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 read	aux
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 read	nsubj
3	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 read	obj
5	aloud	aloud	ADV	_	3 read	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 check	mark
7	check	check	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 read	conj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 read	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read	present	you	it				aloud property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
2	check	to-infinitive	you not said here						vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Why did you write it at all?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 write	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 write	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 write	nsubj
4	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 write	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 write	obl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 write	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	past · do-support	you	it		all			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 4

Can you make it shorter by half?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 make	aux
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 make	obj
5	shorter	short	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 make	xcomp
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 half	case
7	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	5 shorter	obl
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	can	you	it				short property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/43-editing-and-redrafting/t6/