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Test 1 · Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up

«lefties write wrong, my nan says they made 'em use their right hand back in the day». What is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: lefties, nan · What happens: write, say, use, be · To what, where: right hand · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 5 «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «lefties write wrong, my nan says they made 'em use their right hand back in the day».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 write	punct
2	lefties	leftie	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 write	nsubj
3	write	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 write	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 says	punct
6	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 nan	nmod:poss
7	nan	nan	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 says	nsubj
8	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 write	conj
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 use	nsubj
10	made	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 use	aux
11	'em	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 use	nsubj
12	use	use	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 says	ccomp
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 hand	nmod:poss
14	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 hand	amod
15	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 use	obj
16	back	back	ADV	_	12 use	advmod
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 day	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 day	det
19	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 use	obl
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 use	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 write	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write in a quote	present	lefties					wrong property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	say speech: assert in a quote	present	my nan						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	use in a quote	may	lefties = leftie	lefties's right hand			day		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Left-handers really do write wrongly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 handers	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Left	punct
3	handers	hander	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 write	nsubj
4	really	really	ADV	_	6 write	advmod
5	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 write	aux
6	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	wrongly	wrongly	ADV	_	6 write	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present · do-support	Left handers					wrongly property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Left-handers can only ever write capital letters, so they should practise with the right hand

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 handers	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Left	punct
3	handers	hander	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 write	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 write	aux
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 write	advmod
6	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	7 write	advmod
7	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	capital	capital	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 letters	compound
9	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 write	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 practise	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	14 practise	advmod
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 practise	nsubj
13	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 practise	aux
14	practise	practise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 write	conj
15	with	with	ADP	_	18 hand	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 hand	det
17	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 hand	amod
18	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 practise	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	can	Left handers	capital letters			ever		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme
2	practise	should	handers = hander					with the right hand	tree rules

Option 3

Forcing the right hand was a good idea that helped

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Forcing	force	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 idea	csubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hand	det
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 hand	amod
4	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Forcing	obj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 idea	cop
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 idea	det
7	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 idea	amod
8	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 helped	nsubj
10	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 idea	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	force	gerund		the right hand					vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Recipient
2	is a	past	Forcing	a good idea					tree rules
3	help	past	a good idea						vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Left-handers write just as well; forcing the right hand caused harm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Left	left	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 handers	amod
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Left	punct
3	handers	hander	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 write	nsubj
4	write	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	just	just	ADV	_	6 as	advmod
6	as	as	ADV	ExtPos=ADV	4 write	advmod
7	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 as	fixed
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	4 write	punct
9	forcing	force	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 write	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 hand	det
11	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 hand	amod
12	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 forcing	obj
13	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 harm	amod
14	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hand	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present	Left handers						vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	force	gerund	Left handers not said here	the right hand and caused harm					vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Recipient
3	cause	participle							vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/t1/