Exam question 2 · SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper
It is given that a sentence reads "The dog chased the ball." Select its correct rendering in the passive voice.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: sentence, dog, you · What happens: give, read, chase, select, render · To what, where: It, ball, correct rendering, passive voice · Speech: someone speaks here
This is exam question 2 of lesson 52 «SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that a sentence reads "The dog chased the ball."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 reads | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 sentence | det |
| 6 | sentence | sentence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 reads | nsubj |
| 7 | reads | read | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | advcl |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 chased | punct |
| 9 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 dog | det |
| 10 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 chased | nsubj |
| 11 | chased | chase | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 reads | ccomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 ball | det |
| 13 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 chased | obj |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | read | present | a sentence | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | chase in a quote | past | the dog | the ball | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Select its correct rendering in the passive voice.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Select | select | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 rendering | nmod:poss |
| 3 | correct | correct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 rendering | amod |
| 4 | rendering | rendering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Select | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 voice | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 voice | det |
| 7 | passive | passive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 voice | amod |
| 8 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Select | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Select | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | select | imperative | you not said here | dog's correct rendering | the passive voice | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rendering=Theme | |||
| 2 | render | dog | nom rendering «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The ball was chased by the dog.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 ball | det |
| 2 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chased | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 chased | aux:pass |
| 4 | chased | chase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 dog | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dog | det |
| 7 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chased | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 chased | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | past · passive | the dog | the ball | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
Option 2
The dog has chased the ball.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 dog | det |
| 2 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chased | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 chased | aux |
| 4 | chased | chase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 ball | det |
| 6 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chased | obj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 chased | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | present · perfect · passive | the dog | tree rules |
Option 3
The dog was chasing the ball.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 dog | det |
| 2 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chasing | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 chasing | aux |
| 4 | chasing | chase | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 ball | det |
| 6 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chasing | obj |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 chasing | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | past · progressive | the dog | the ball | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Theme |
Option 4
The ball is chased by the dog.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 ball | det |
| 2 | ball | ball | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chased | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 chased | aux:pass |
| 4 | chased | chase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 dog | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dog | det |
| 7 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chased | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 chased | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | present · passive | the dog | the ball | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper/e2/