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Test 4 · ★ · SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper

A cartoon says, "A semicolon's just a fancy comma, stick it anywhere." Fix it.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cartoon, you · What happens: say, stick, fix · To what, where: cartoon, comma · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 52 «SATs: grammar, punctuation and spelling paper» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon says, "A semicolon's just a fancy comma, stick it anywhere."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 comma	punct
6	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 semicolon	det
7	semicolon	semicolon	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 comma	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 semicolon	case
9	just	just	ADV	_	12 comma	advmod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 comma	det
11	fancy	fancy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 comma	amod
12	comma	comma	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	ccomp
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 stick	punct
14	stick	stick	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	12 comma	parataxis
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 stick	obj
16	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	14 stick	advmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 comma	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 comma	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a cartoon						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	stick in a quote	infinitive		cartoon				anywhere property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Fix it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fix	fix	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Fix	obj
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Fix	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fix	imperative	you not said here	comma					vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The cartoon is right; anywhere works

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 right	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	cop
4	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 works	punct
6	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	7 works	advmod
7	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 right	csubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the cartoon					right property	tree rules
2	work	present						anywhere property	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It joins two linked full sentences

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 joins	nsubj
2	joins	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 sentences	nummod
4	linked	link	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 sentences	amod
5	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sentences	amod
6	sentences	sentence	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 joins	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	join	present	It	two linked full sentences					vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient
2	link	participle							vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Option 3

It replaces every single full stop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 replaces	nsubj
2	replaces	replace	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 stop	det
4	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stop	amod
5	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stop	amod
6	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 replaces	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	replace	present	It	every single full stop					vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stop=Co-Theme

Option 4

It goes after every third word

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 goes	nsubj
2	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	after	after	ADP	_	6 word	case
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 word	det
5	third	third	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	6 word	amod
6	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 goes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	It				after every third word		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/52-sats-grammar-punctuation-and-spelling-paper/t4/