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Exam question 3 · Olympiad: word puzzles — anagrams, palindromes, word ladders

It is given that in a word ladder exactly one letter may be altered at each step. Select the sequence that complies.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, sequence · What happens: give, alter, select, comply · To what, where: It, one letter, word ladder, sequence

This is exam question 3 of lesson 56 «Olympiad: word puzzles — anagrams, palindromes, word ladders» of the English course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that in a word ladder exactly one letter may be altered at each step.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	14 altered	mark
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 ladder	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 ladder	det
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ladder	compound
8	ladder	ladder	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 altered	obl
9	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	10 one	advmod
10	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 letter	nummod
11	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 altered	nsubj:pass
12	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 altered	aux
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 altered	aux:pass
14	altered	alter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
15	at	at	ADP	_	17 step	case
16	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	17 step	det
17	step	step	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 altered	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	alter	may · passive		one letter		a word ladder		at each step	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the sequence that complies.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 sequence	det
3	sequence	sequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 complies	nsubj
5	complies	comply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 sequence	acl:relcl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the sequence					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sequence=Theme
2	comply	present	the sequence						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

cold, cord, card, ward, warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cord	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cord	punct
3	cord	cord	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 card	punct
5	card	card	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cord	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 ward	punct
7	ward	ward	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cord	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 warm	punct
9	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cord	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

cold, card, ward, warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 card	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 cold	punct
3	card	card	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 ward	punct
5	ward	ward	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 card	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 warm	punct
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 card	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

cold, cord, ward, warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cord	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 cord	punct
3	cord	cord	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 ward	punct
5	ward	ward	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cord	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 warm	punct
7	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cord	conj

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4

cold, word, warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 word	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 cold	punct
3	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 warm	punct
5	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 word	appos

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/56-olympiad-word-puzzles-anagrams-palindromes-word-ladders/e3/