Test 5 · ★★★ · Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made-up languages

Nam: what does "ka-nalu" mean?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Nam · What happens: mean

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 58 «Olympiad: Breakthrough puzzles in made-up languages» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nam	nam	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 mean	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 does	punct
3	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 does	nsubj
4	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 mean	aux
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 ka	punct
6	ka	ka	X	Foreign=Yes	4 does	nsubj
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 nalu	punct
8	nalu	nalu	X	Foreign=Yes	6 ka	flat
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 nalu	punct
10	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present · do-support	Nam						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

You swim

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 swim	nsubj
2	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	present	You						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

I swam

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 swam	nsubj
2	swam	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	past	I						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

I will swim

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 swim	nsubj
2	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 swim	aux
3	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	future	I						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

You swam

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 swam	nsubj
2	swam	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swim	past	You						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/58-olympiad-breakthrough-puzzles-in-made-up-languages/t5/