Test 9 · ★★★ · Olympiad: real languages and codes
Welsh: "fy" means my. Following the rule, if "cariad" means love, how is "my love" written?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Welsh, cariad · What happens: mean, follow, be, write · To what, where: my, rule, love · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 59 «Olympiad: real languages and codes» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Welsh: "fy" means my.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Welsh | welsh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 means | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 means | punct |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 fy | punct |
| 4 | fy | fy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 means | nsubj |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 fy | punct |
| 6 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 means | obj |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Welsh | my | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent my=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Following the rule, if "cariad" means love, how is "my love" written?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 means | csubj |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 rule | det |
| 3 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Following | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 means | punct |
| 5 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 9 means | mark |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 cariad | punct |
| 7 | cariad | cariad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 means | nsubj |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 cariad | punct |
| 9 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 means | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 love | punct |
| 12 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 16 love | advmod |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 love | cop |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 love | punct |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 love | nmod:poss |
| 16 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 love | parataxis |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 love | punct |
| 18 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 love | acl |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 means | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | the rule | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme | |||||
| 2 | mean | present | cariad | love | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent love=Topic | ||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | my love | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | write | participle | love not said here | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
fy ngariad
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fy | fy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 ngariad | compound |
| 2 | ngariad | ngariad | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
fy hariad
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fy | fy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 hariad | compound |
| 2 | hariad | hariad | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
fy nghariad
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fy | fy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 nghariad | compound |
| 2 | nghariad | nghariad | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
fy cariad
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fy | fy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 cariad | compound |
| 2 | cariad | cariad | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/t9/