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Test 5 · ★★★ · Olympiad: tricky comprehension

Your mate says, "'Not untrue' means false, innit, two nots." Put him right.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: mate, untrue, you · What happens: say, mean, put · To what, where: untrue · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Olympiad: tricky comprehension» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate says, "'Not untrue' means false, innit, two nots."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 means	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 untrue	punct
6	'	'	PUNCT	_	8 untrue	punct
7	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 untrue	advmod
8	untrue	untrue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 means	nsubj
9	'	'	PUNCT	_	8 untrue	punct
10	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
11	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 means	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 innit	punct
13	innit	innit	INTJ	_	10 means	discourse
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 nots	punct
15	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 nots	nummod
16	nots	not	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 says	parataxis
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 nots	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	16 nots	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your mate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	mean in a quote	present	untrue					false property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Put him right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Put	obj
3	right	right	ADV	_	1 Put	advmod
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	imperative	you not said here		untrue			right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal

The options

Option 1

It means nobody knows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 knows	nsubj
4	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 means	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	It						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	know	present	nobody						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

He's right: it means false

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 means	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 means	nsubj
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	parataxis
7	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 means	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	mean	present	it					false property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

It means half true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	half	half	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	4 true	advmod
4	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	It					true property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The two negatives cancel: it means true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 negatives	det
2	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 negatives	nummod
3	negatives	negative	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cancel	nsubj
4	cancel	cancel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 means	punct
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 means	nsubj
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cancel	ccomp
8	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 means	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cancel	present	the two negatives						tree rules
2	mean	present	it					true property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/60-olympiad-tricky-comprehension/t5/