Test 7 · ★★★ · Olympiad: tricky comprehension
"Zoe is older than Max. Max is older than Ivy. Ivy is older than Ben." Who is the second youngest?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Zoe, Max, Ivy · What happens: be
This is test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Olympiad: tricky comprehension» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: "Zoe is older than Max.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 older | punct |
| 2 | Zoe | Zoe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 older | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 older | cop |
| 4 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 5 | than | than | ADP | _ | 6 Max | case |
| 6 | Max | Max | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 older | obl |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 older | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | Zoe | than Max; old property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Max is older than Ivy.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Max | Max | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 older | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 older | cop |
| 3 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | than | than | ADP | _ | 5 Ivy | case |
| 5 | Ivy | Ivy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 older | obl |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 older | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Max | than Ivy; old property | tree rules |
Sentence 3: Ivy is older than Ben."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ivy | ivy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 older | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 older | cop |
| 3 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 4 | than | than | ADP | _ | 5 Ben | case |
| 5 | Ben | Ben | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 older | obl |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 older | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 older | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Ivy | than Ben; old property | tree rules |
Sentence 4: Who is the second youngest?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 youngest | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 youngest | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 youngest | det |
| 4 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 5 youngest | amod |
| 5 | youngest | young | ADJ | Degree=Sup | root | root |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 youngest | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | young property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Max
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Max | Max | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Ivy
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ivy | Ivy | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
Ben
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ben | Ben | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4
Zoe
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Zoe | Zoe | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/60-olympiad-tricky-comprehension/t7/