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Test 9 · ★★ · Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian

«decision ends in zhun so it's decizhun». Spot the slip.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: decision, you · What happens: end, be, spot · To what, where: zhun, decizhun, slip

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 8 «Endings that sound like «shun»: -tion, -sion, -ssion, -cian» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «decision ends in zhun so it's decizhun».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 ends	punct
2	decision	decision	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ends	nsubj
3	ends	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 zhun	case
5	zhun	zhun	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ends	obl
6	so	so	ADV	_	9 decizhun	advmod
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 decizhun	nsubj
8	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 decizhun	cop
9	decizhun	decizhun	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ends	obl
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 decizhun	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 ends	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	end in a quote	present	decision			zhun			vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	is a in a quote	present	decision	decizhun					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Spot the slip.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spot	spot	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 slip	det
3	slip	slip	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Spot	obj
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Spot	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spot	imperative	you not said here	the slip					vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme slip=Destination

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The soft /zhun/ sound is spelled -sion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sound	det
2	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sound	amod
3	/	/	PUNCT	_	2 soft	punct
4	zhun	zhun	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sound	compound
5	/	/	PUNCT	_	4 zhun	punct
6	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 spelled	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 spelled	aux:pass
8	spelled	spell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 sion	punct
10	sion	sion	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 spelled	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spell	present · passive		the soft zhun sound					vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme sion=Manner

Option 2

It should be «decissian»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 decissian	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 decissian	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 decissian	cop
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 decissian	punct
5	decissian	decissian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 decissian	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	should	It					decissian property	tree rules

Option 3

It's right; always spell it exactly like it sounds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 spell	punct
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 spell	advmod
6	spell	spell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 right	parataxis
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 spell	obj
8	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 spell	advmod
9	like	like	SCONJ	_	11 sounds	mark
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sounds	nsubj
11	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 spell	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					right property	tree rules
2	spell	infinitive		it				always, exactly property	vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
3	sound	present	it						vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

It should be «decition»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 decition	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 decition	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 decition	cop
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 decition	punct
5	decition	decition	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 decition	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	should	It	decition					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/8-endings-that-sound-like-shun/t9/