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Test 5 · ★★★ · Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment

«argue, so arguement, same as enjoyment keeps nothing». Put him right.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, arguement · What happens: argue, keep, put · To what, where: nothing, arguement

This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 9 «Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «argue, so arguement, same as enjoyment keeps nothing».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 argue	punct
2	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 keeps	punct
4	so	so	ADV	_	10 keeps	advmod
5	arguement	arguement	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 keeps	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 same	punct
7	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 arguement	appos
8	as	as	ADP	_	9 enjoyment	case
9	enjoyment	enjoyment	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 same	obl
10	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 argue	ccomp
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	10 keeps	obj
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 keeps	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 argue	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	argue speech: disagree in a quote	imperative	you not said here						vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	keep in a quote	present	arguement	nothing					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Put him right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Put	obj
3	right	right	ADV	_	1 Put	advmod
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	imperative	you not said here		arguement			right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal

The options

Option 1

It should be «argumint»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 argumint	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 argumint	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 argumint	cop
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 argumint	punct
5	argumint	argumint	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 argumint	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	should	It	argumint					tree rules

Option 2

It should be «argueing» as a noun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 argueing	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 argueing	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 argueing	cop
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 argueing	punct
5	argueing	argue	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 argueing	punct
7	as	as	ADP	_	9 noun	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 noun	det
9	noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 argueing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	should	It					as a noun; argue property	tree rules

Option 3

«Arguement» is right because roots never change

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Arguement	punct
2	Arguement	Arguement	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 right	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Arguement	punct
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	cop
5	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 change	mark
7	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 change	nsubj
8	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	9 change	advmod
9	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 right	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Arguement					right property	tree rules
2	not change	present	roots						vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

«Argument» is an exception: argue drops its e

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Argument	punct
2	Argument	argument	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 exception	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Argument	punct
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 exception	cop
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 exception	det
6	exception	exception	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 drops	punct
8	argue	argue	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 drops	nsubj
9	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 exception	acl:relcl
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 e	nmod:poss
11	e	e	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 drops	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Argument	a exception					tree rules
2	drop	present	argue	argue's e					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent e=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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