Test 9 · ★★★ · Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment

«visible is v-i-s + ible, so readable should be readible». Is that right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: that · What happens: be

This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 9 «Suffixes -ous, -ly, -ful, -less, -ness, -ment» of the English course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «visible is v-i-s + ible, so readable should be readible».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 visible	punct
2	visible	visible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 v	cop
4	v	v	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 visible	conj
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 -s	punct
6	i	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 -s	nsubj
7	-s	-s	X	_	4 v	parataxis
8	+	+	SYM	_	9 ible	cc
9	ible	ible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 -s	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 readable	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	12 readable	advmod
12	readable	readable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 visible	conj
13	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 readible	aux
14	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	15 readible	cop
15	readible	readible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 visible	conj
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 visible	punct
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 visible	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present						v property	tree rules
2	is in a quote	should						readible property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is that right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, all «can be» words use -ible

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	9 use	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 words	det
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 be	punct
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 be	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 words	cop
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 be	punct
8	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 use	nsubj
9	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 ible	punct
11	ible	ible	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 use	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	infinitive		all words					tree rules
2	use	present	all words	ible					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ible=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No: «read» is a whole word, so -able

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 word	det
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 read	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 read	punct
4	read	read	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	9 word	nsubj
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 read	punct
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 word	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 word	det
8	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 word	amod
9	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 able	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 able	advmod
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 so	punct
13	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 word	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	read in a quote	infinitive							vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present		no whole word					tree rules

Option 3

No, it should be «readabel», with the e and l swapped

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 readabel	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 readabel	nsubj
4	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 readabel	aux
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 readabel	cop
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 readabel	punct
7	readabel	readabel	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 readabel	punct
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 e	punct
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 e	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 e	det
12	e	e	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 readabel	appos
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 l	cc
14	l	l	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 e	conj
15	swapped	swap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 e	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	should	it	readabel					tree rules
2	swap	participle		the e and l not said here					vn substitute-13.6.2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Yes, -ible always follows a verb

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 follows	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 follows	punct
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 ible	punct
4	ible	ible	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 follows	nsubj
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 follows	advmod
6	follows	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 verb	det
8	verb	verb	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 follows	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	present	ible	a verb				always property	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent verb=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/english/9-suffixes-ous-ly-ful-less-ness-ment/t9/