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Test 7 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: death and dying

In a western: "Three outlaws bit the dust in the shootout." What happened?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Three outlaws · What happens: bite, happen · To what, where: dust, shootout

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 1 «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a western: "Three outlaws bit the dust in the shootout."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 western	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 western	det
3	western	western	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 bit	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 bit	punct
6	Three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 outlaws	nummod
7	outlaws	outlaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 bit	nsubj
8	bit	bite	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 western	parataxis
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 dust	det
10	dust	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bit	obj
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 shootout	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 shootout	det
13	shootout	shootout	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bit	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 western	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 western	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite in a quote	past	Three outlaws	the dust		the shootout			vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent dust=Patient in shootout=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happened?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happened	nsubj
2	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They ate dinner

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ate	nsubj
2	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	dinner	dinner	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ate	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	past	They	dinner					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinner=Patient

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Three outlaws were killed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 outlaws	nummod
2	outlaws	outlaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 killed	nsubj:pass
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 killed	aux:pass
4	killed	kill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	past · passive		Three outlaws					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 3

Three outlaws ran into the desert

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 outlaws	nummod
2	outlaws	outlaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ran	nsubj
3	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	into	into	ADP	_	6 desert	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 desert	det
6	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ran	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	past	Three outlaws					into the desert result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into desert=Result

Option 4

Three outlaws fell off horses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 outlaws	nummod
2	outlaws	outlaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fell	nsubj
3	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	off	off	ADP	_	3 fell	compound:prt
5	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 fell	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall off	past	Three outlaws	horses					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/1-death-polite-and-joking/t7/