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Exam question 3 · Soft words for hard things: pregnancy and birth

It is stated that a couple "started a family" in the preceding year. Ascertain what is thereby communicated.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: couple, you · What happens: state, start, precede, ascertain, communicate · To what, where: It, family · Speech: someone speaks here

This is exam question 3 of lesson 11 «Soft words for hard things: pregnancy and birth» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is stated that a couple "started a family" in the preceding year.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 stated	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 stated	aux:pass
3	stated	state	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 started	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 couple	det
6	couple	couple	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 started	nsubj
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 couple	punct
8	started	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 stated	advcl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 family	det
10	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 started	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 family	punct
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 year	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 year	det
14	preceding	precede	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 year	amod
15	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 started	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	state speech: other	present · passive		It					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
2	start in a quote	past	a couple	a family			year		vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Eventuality
3	precede	gerund							vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain what is thereby communicated.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 communicated	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 communicated	aux:pass
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	_	5 communicated	advmod
5	communicated	communicate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Ascertain	ccomp
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here						vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	communicate	present · passive						thereby property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They were married

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 married	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 married	aux:pass
3	married	marry	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	marry	past · passive		They					vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2

They adopted a domestic animal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 adopted	nsubj
2	adopted	adopt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 animal	det
4	domestic	domestic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 animal	amod
5	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 adopted	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	adopt	past	They	a domestic animal					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They had their first child

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 child	nmod:poss
4	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 child	amod
5	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	They	their first child					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient

Option 4

They acquired a residence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 acquired	nsubj
2	acquired	acquire	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 residence	det
4	residence	residence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 acquired	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	acquire	past	They	a residence					vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset residence=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/11-pregnancy-and-birth/e3/