Exam question 2 · Soft words for hard things: relations and family
It is stated that an individual's family is a "single-parent family". Ascertain which of the following is thereby established.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: family, you · What happens: state, be, ascertain, follow, establish · To what, where: It, parent family · Speech: someone speaks here
This is exam question 2 of lesson 13 «Soft words for hard things: relations and family» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is stated that an individual's family is a "single-parent family".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 stated | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 stated | aux:pass |
| 3 | stated | state | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 family | mark |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 individual | det |
| 6 | individual | individual | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 family | nmod:poss |
| 7 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 6 individual | case |
| 8 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 family | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 family | cop |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 family | det |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 family | punct |
| 12 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 parent | amod |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 single | punct |
| 14 | parent | parent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 family | compound |
| 15 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stated | xcomp |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 family | punct |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stated | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | state speech: other | present · passive | It | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | a individual's family | a parent family | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Ascertain which of the following is thereby established.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 established | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 8 established | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 established | det |
| 5 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 established | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 established | aux:pass |
| 7 | thereby | thereby | ADV | _ | 8 established | advmod |
| 8 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Ascertain | ccomp |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | establish | present · passive | thereby property | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The children are raised by one parent
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 children | det |
| 2 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 raised | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 raised | aux:pass |
| 4 | raised | raise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 parent | case |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 parent | nummod |
| 7 | parent | parent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 raised | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | raise | present · passive | one parent | the children | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
Option 2
Neither parent has contracted marriage
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 parent | det |
| 2 | parent | parent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 contracted | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 contracted | aux |
| 4 | contracted | contract | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 contracted | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | contract | present · perfect | neither parent | marriage | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent marriage=Patient |
Option 3
The family resides in isolation
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 family | det |
| 2 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 resides | nsubj |
| 3 | resides | reside | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 isolation | case |
| 5 | isolation | isolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 resides | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reside | present | the family | isolation | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in isolation=Location |
Option 4
The household comprises a single child
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 household | det |
| 2 | household | household | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 comprises | nsubj |
| 3 | comprises | comprise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 child | det |
| 5 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 child | amod |
| 6 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 comprises | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | comprise | present | the household | a single child | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme child=Pivot |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/13-relations-and-family/e2/