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Test 12 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: money and poverty

A famous singer says, "I came from a disadvantaged background." What does he mean?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: famous singer, singer · What happens: say, come, mean · To what, where: disadvantaged background · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 12 · ★ of lesson 19 «Soft words for hard things: money and poverty» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A famous singer says, "I came from a disadvantaged background."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 singer	det
2	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 singer	amod
3	singer	singer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct
7	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 came	nsubj
8	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 says	ccomp
9	from	from	ADP	_	12 background	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 background	det
11	disadvantaged	disadvantaged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 background	amod
12	background	background	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 came	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a famous singer						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	come in a quote	past	a famous singer = singer			a disadvantaged background			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from background=Initial_Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does he mean?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 mean	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mean	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mean	nsubj
4	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present · do-support	singer						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

He sat at the back of class

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sat	nsubj
2	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 back	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 back	det
5	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sat	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 class	case
7	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 back	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	past	He			the back of class			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at back=Location

Option 2

He grew up abroad

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 grew	nsubj
2	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 grew	compound:prt
4	abroad	abroad	ADV	_	2 grew	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow up	past	He					abroad property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He grew up poor

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 grew	nsubj
2	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	up	up	ADP	_	2 grew	compound:prt
4	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 grew	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow up	past	He					poor property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

He was a bad singer at first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 singer	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 singer	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 singer	det
4	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 singer	amod
5	singer	singer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 first	case
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 singer	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	He	a bad singer					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/19-money-and-poverty/t12/