Test 2 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: death and dying Report: "The strike hit the bridge. Collateral damage was limited." What is the report trying not to say plainly?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: strike, Collateral damage, report · What happens: hit, be, try, not say · To what, where: Report · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 2 «Soft words for hard things: death and dying» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Report: "The strike hit the bridge.
obl:unmarked punct punct det nsubj det obj punct root Report NOUN : PUNCT " PUNCT The DET strike NOUN hit VERB the DET bridge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Report report NOUN Number=Sing 6 hit obl:unmarked 2 : : PUNCT _ 1 Report punct 3 " " PUNCT _ 6 hit punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 strike det 5 strike strike NOUN Number=Sing 6 hit nsubj 6 hit hit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bridge det 8 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 6 hit obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 hit punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hit in a quote past the strike Report vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bridge=Co-Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Collateral damage was limited."
amod nsubj cop punct punct root Collateral ADJ damage NOUN was AUX limited ADJ . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Collateral collateral ADJ Degree=Pos 2 damage amod 2 damage damage NOUN Number=Sing 4 limited nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 limited cop 4 limited limited ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 limited punct 6 " " PUNCT _ 4 limited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Collateral damage limited property tree rules
Sentence 3: What is the report trying not to say plainly?
cop det nsubj acl advmod mark xcomp advmod punct root What PRON is AUX the DET report NOUN trying VERB not PART to PART say VERB plainly ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 report det 4 report report NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 5 trying try VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 report acl 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 say advmod 7 to to PART _ 8 say mark 8 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 trying xcomp 9 plainly plainly ADV _ 8 say advmod 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the report tree rules 2 try gerund the report not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 not say speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive the report not said here plainly property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer That some ordinary people were hurt or killed
nsubj:pass det amod nsubj aux:pass cc conj root That PRON some DET ordinary ADJ people NOUN were AUX hurt VERB or CCONJ killed VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 hurt nsubj:pass 2 some some DET PronType=Ind 4 people det 3 ordinary ordinary ADJ Degree=Pos 4 people amod 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 hurt nsubj 5 were be AUX Mood=Sub Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 hurt aux:pass 6 hurt hurt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 killed cc 8 killed kill VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 hurt conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hurt past · passive That vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 kill participle vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Option 2 That the soldiers were tired
nsubj det nsubj cop root That PRON the DET soldiers NOUN were AUX tired ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 the nsubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 soldiers det 3 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 5 tired nsubj 4 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 tired cop 5 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the soldiers tired property tree rules
Option 3 That the weather was bad
det det nsubj cop root That DET the DET weather NOUN was AUX bad ADJ The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 weather det 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 weather det 3 weather weather NOUN Number=Sing 5 bad nsubj 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 bad cop 5 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past that weather bad property tree rules
Option 4 That the bridge was not hit
det det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod root That DET the DET bridge NOUN was AUX not PART hit VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 bridge det 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bridge det 3 bridge bridge NOUN Number=Sing 6 hit nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 hit aux:pass 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 hit advmod 6 hit hit VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not hit past · passive that bridge vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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