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Test 2 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin

A minister says: "Mistakes were made, and lessons will be learned." What has he avoided saying?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: minister · What happens: say, make, learn · To what, where: Mistakes, lessons · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 24 «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A minister says: "Mistakes were made, and lessons will be learned."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 minister	det
2	minister	minister	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 made	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 made	punct
6	Mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 made	nsubj:pass
7	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 made	aux:pass
8	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 says	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 learned	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 learned	cc
11	lessons	lesson	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 learned	nsubj:pass
12	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 learned	aux
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 learned	aux:pass
14	learned	learn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 made	conj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a minister						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	make in a quote	past · passive		Mistakes					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
3	learn in a quote	future · passive		lessons					vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What has he avoided saying?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 saying	obj
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 saying	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 saying	nsubj
4	avoided	avoid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 saying	aux
5	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 saying	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	minister						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Who made the mistakes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 mistakes	det
4	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 made	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past		the mistakes					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Product

Option 2

What day it is

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	obl:unmarked
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 What	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it				day		tree rules

Option 3

That lessons exist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 lessons	det
2	lessons	lesson	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 exist	nsubj
3	exist	exist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exist	present	that lessons						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

That anything went wrong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 anything	det
2	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 went	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	anything					wrong property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/24-government-spin/t2/