Test 6 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin
A spokesman says: "We are reviewing our options." What has the government decided?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: spokesman, We, our, government · What happens: say, review, opt, have, decide · To what, where: options · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 24 «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A spokesman says: "We are reviewing our options."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 spokesman | det |
| 2 | spokesman | spokesman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 says | nsubj |
| 3 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 reviewing | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 reviewing | punct |
| 6 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 reviewing | nsubj |
| 7 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 reviewing | aux |
| 8 | reviewing | review | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 says | ccomp |
| 9 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 options | nmod:poss |
| 10 | options | option | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 reviewing | obj |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 reviewing | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 reviewing | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | a spokesman | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | review in a quote | present · progressive | We | our options | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent option=Theme | ||||
| 3 | opt in a quote | our | nom option «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What has the government decided?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 2 has | nsubj |
| 2 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 government | det |
| 4 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 decided | nsubj |
| 5 | decided | decide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 has | parataxis |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 has | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | decide | past | the government | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Nothing yet
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 1 Nothing | advmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
To resign
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 resign | mark |
| 2 | resign | resign | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | resign | to-infinitive | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
To go to war
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 go | mark |
| 2 | go | go | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 war | case |
| 4 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 go | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | to-infinitive | war | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to war=Initial_Location |
Option 4
To cut taxes
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 cut | mark |
| 2 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | taxes | tax | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 cut | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cut | to-infinitive | taxes | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tax=Product |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/24-government-spin/t6/