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Test 9 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin a…

Mia says: "Liquidate means turn into water, so the dictator melted the farmers?" Is she right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mia, dictator · What happens: say, liquidate, mean, turn, melt, be · To what, where: water, farmers · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 25 «Soft words for hard things: politics and government spin and war, the military and violence» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mia says: "Liquidate means turn into water, so the dictator melted the farmers?"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 Liquidate	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 Liquidate	punct
5	Liquidate	liquidate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 means	csubj
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
7	turn	turn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 means	ccomp
8	into	into	ADP	_	9 water	case
9	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turn	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 melted	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	14 melted	advmod
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 dictator	det
13	dictator	dictator	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 melted	nsubj
14	melted	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 says	parataxis
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 farmers	det
16	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 melted	obj
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	14 melted	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 melted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: ask	present	Mia						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	liquidate in a quote	infinitive							vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	mean in a quote	present							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	turn in a quote	infinitive				water			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into water=Trajectory
5	melt in a quote	past	the dictator	the farmers					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient farmer=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is she right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADV	_	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	dictator					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, it means melted

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 means	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	melted	melt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 means	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	it						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	melt not said to happen	participle							vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

Yes, it means watered their fields

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 means	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	watered	water	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 means	ccomp
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 fields	nmod:poss
7	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 watered	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	it						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	water	past		their fields					vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent field=Destination

Option 3

No, it means he paid them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 means	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 means	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 paid	nsubj
6	paid	pay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 means	ccomp
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 paid	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	it						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	pay	past	he	them = they					vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Asset

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

No, it means he killed them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 means	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 means	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 means	nsubj
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 killed	nsubj
6	killed	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 means	ccomp
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 killed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	it						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	kill	past	he	them = they					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/25-spin-war-and-violence/t9/