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Exam question 4 · Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police

It is given that an applicant is described as "justice-involved". Ascertain what is thereby indicated.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, describe, ascertain, indicate · To what, where: It, applicant

This is exam question 4 of lesson 27 «Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that an applicant is described as "justice-involved".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 described	mark
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 applicant	det
6	applicant	applicant	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 described	nsubj:pass
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 described	aux:pass
8	described	describe	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 involved	mark
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 involved	punct
11	justice	justice	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 involved	compound
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	11 justice	punct
13	involved	involved	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 described	advcl
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 involved	punct
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	describe	present · passive		a applicant					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain what is thereby indicated.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 indicated	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 indicated	aux:pass
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	_	5 indicated	advmod
5	indicated	indicate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Ascertain	ccomp
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here						vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	indicate	present · passive						thereby property	vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The applicant has a criminal record or past dealings with the courts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 applicant	det
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 record	det
5	criminal	criminal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 record	amod
6	record	record	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 dealings	cc
8	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 dealings	amod
9	dealings	dealing	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 record	conj
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 courts	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 courts	det
12	courts	court	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 dealings	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	the applicant	a criminal record or past dealings with the courts					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent record=Patient

Option 2

The applicant serves as a judge

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 applicant	det
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 serves	nsubj
3	serves	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 judge	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 judge	det
6	judge	judge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 serves	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	serve	present	the applicant					as a judge	vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as judge=Attribute

Option 3

The applicant holds strong views upon fairness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 applicant	det
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	nsubj
3	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 views	amod
5	views	view	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 holds	obj
6	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 fairness	case
7	fairness	fairness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the applicant	strong views		fairness			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent view=Theme upon fairness=Location

Option 4

The applicant has sat upon a jury

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 applicant	det
2	applicant	applicant	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sat	nsubj:pass
3	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sat	aux
4	sat	sit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 jury	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 jury	det
7	jury	jury	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sat	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	present · perfect · passive		the applicant		a jury			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: subject=Theme upon jury=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/27-crime-prison-and-police/e4/