Test 10 · ★ · Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police
A US prison report: "The inmate was placed in administrative segregation." What happened to him?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: US prison report · What happens: place, happen · To what, where: inmate, administrative segregation
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 27 «Soft words for hard things: crime, prison and the police» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A US prison report: "The inmate was placed in administrative segregation."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 report | det |
| 2 | US | US | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 report | compound |
| 3 | prison | prison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 report | compound |
| 4 | report | report | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 placed | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 placed | punct |
| 7 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 inmate | det |
| 8 | inmate | inmate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 placed | nsubj:pass |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 placed | aux:pass |
| 10 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 report | acl:relcl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 segregation | case |
| 12 | administrative | administrative | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 segregation | amod |
| 13 | segregation | segregation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 placed | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 report | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 report | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place in a quote | past · passive | a US prison report not said here | the inmate | administrative segregation | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in segregation=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What happened to him?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 2 happened | nsubj |
| 2 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 him | case |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 happened | obl |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 happened | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | inmate | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
He was moved to a bigger cell with friends
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 moved | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 moved | aux:pass |
| 3 | moved | move | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 cell | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 cell | det |
| 6 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 cell | amod |
| 7 | cell | cell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 moved | obl |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 friends | case |
| 9 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cell | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | move | past · passive | He | a bigger cell with friends | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme to cell=Trajectory |
Option 2
He was set free
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 set | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 set | aux:pass |
| 3 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 set | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past · passive | He | free property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
Option 3
He was given an office job
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 job | det |
| 5 | office | office | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 job | compound |
| 6 | job | job | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 given | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past · passive | He | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient job=Theme |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
He was put in solitary confinement
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 put | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 put | aux:pass |
| 3 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 confinement | case |
| 5 | solitary | solitary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 confinement | amod |
| 6 | confinement | confinement | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 put | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | put | past · passive | He | solitary confinement | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in confinement=Destination |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/27-crime-prison-and-police/t10/