Exam question 1 · Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the expression "the hard stuff"?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: expression

This is exam question 1 of lesson 30 «Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 expression	det
10	expression	expression	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 stuff	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 stuff	det
13	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 stuff	amod
14	stuff	stuff	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 expression	appos
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 stuff	punct
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the expression				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It denotes rock and stone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 denotes	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 stone	cc
5	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 rock	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	rock and stone					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot rock=Topic

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It denotes strong spirits such as whisky or vodka

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 spirits	amod
4	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 denotes	obj
5	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	7 whisky	case
6	as	as	ADP	_	5 such	fixed
7	whisky	whisky	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 spirits	nmod
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 vodka	cc
9	vodka	vodka	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 whisky	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	strong spirits				such whisky or vodka	vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot spirit=Topic

Option 3

It denotes difficult examinations set at the end of the year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 examinations	amod
4	examinations	examination	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 denotes	obj
5	set	set	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 examinations	acl
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 end	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 end	det
8	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 set	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 year	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 year	det
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 end	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	difficult examinations					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot examination=Topic
2	set	participle		difficult examinations not said here			at the end of the year		vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent at end=Destination

Option 4

It denotes tough cuts of meat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 denotes	nsubj
2	denotes	denote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	tough	tough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cuts	amod
4	cuts	cut	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 denotes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 meat	case
6	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cuts	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	denote	present	It	tough cuts of meat					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot cut=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/30-drinking-and-drugs/e1/