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Test 4 · ★★★ · Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing

A footballer was sent off for flipping the bird at the crowd. What did he do?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: footballer · What happens: send off, flip, do · To what, where: footballer, bird, crowd

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 40 «Soft words for hard things: rudeness and swearing» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A footballer was sent off for flipping the bird at the crowd.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 footballer	det
2	footballer	footballer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sent	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 sent	aux:pass
4	sent	send	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	off	off	ADP	_	4 sent	compound:prt
6	for	for	SCONJ	_	7 flipping	mark
7	flipping	flip	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 sent	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bird	det
9	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flipping	obj
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 crowd	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 crowd	det
12	crowd	crowd	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flipping	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 sent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	send off	past · passive		a footballer					vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	flip	gerund		the bird		the crowd			vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent bird=Theme at crowd=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What did he do?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 do	obj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 do	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 do	nsubj
4	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 do	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past · do-support	footballer						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

He did a backflip in front of the fans to celebrate

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 did	nsubj
2	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 backflip	det
4	backflip	backflip	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 did	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 front	case
6	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 did	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 fans	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 fans	det
9	fans	fan	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 front	nmod
10	to	to	PART	_	11 celebrate	mark
11	celebrate	celebrate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 did	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	past	He	a backflip		front of the fans			vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent backflip=Eventuality
2	celebrate	to-infinitive	He not said here						vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

He threw a pigeon at them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 threw	nsubj
2	threw	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 pigeon	det
4	pigeon	pigeon	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 threw	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 them	case
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 threw	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	throw	past	He	a pigeon				at them = they	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent pigeon=Theme at they=Destination

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He raised his middle finger at them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 raised	nsubj
2	raised	raise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 finger	nmod:poss
4	middle	middle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 finger	amod
5	finger	finger	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 raised	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 them	case
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 raised	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	raise	past	He	his middle finger				at them = they	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent finger=Theme at they=Destination

Option 4

He waved a flag at them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 waved	nsubj
2	waved	wave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 flag	det
4	flag	flag	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 waved	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 them	case
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 waved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wave	past	He	a flag				at them = they	vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flag=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/40-with-all-due-respect/t4/