Exam question 2 · Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body
It is given that a radiograph is reported to show "a shadow on the lung". Determine what is thereby suggested.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, report, show, determine, suggest · To what, where: It, radiograph, shadow, lung
This is exam question 2 of lesson 5 «Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: It is given that a radiograph is reported to show "a shadow on the lung".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 given | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 given | aux:pass |
| 3 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 reported | mark |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 radiograph | det |
| 6 | radiograph | radiograph | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 reported | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 reported | aux:pass |
| 8 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 given | advcl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 show | mark |
| 10 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 reported | xcomp |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 shadow | punct |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 shadow | det |
| 13 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 show | obj |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 lung | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 lung | det |
| 16 | lung | lung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 shadow | nmod |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 shadow | punct |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 given | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · passive | It | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | report | present · passive | a radiograph | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 3 | show | to-infinitive | a shadow | the lung | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent shadow=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Determine what is thereby suggested.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Determine | determine | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 suggested | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 suggested | aux:pass |
| 4 | thereby | thereby | ADV | _ | 5 suggested | advmod |
| 5 | suggested | suggest | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Determine | ccomp |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Determine | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | determine | imperative | you not said here | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | suggest speech: suggest | present · passive | thereby property | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The presence of a person behind the patient
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 presence | det |
| 2 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 person | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 person | det |
| 5 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 presence | nmod |
| 6 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 8 patient | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 patient | det |
| 8 | patient | patient | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 presence | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2
A defect in the photographic apparatus
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 defect | det |
| 2 | defect | defect | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 apparatus | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 apparatus | det |
| 5 | photographic | photographic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 apparatus | amod |
| 6 | apparatus | apparatus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 defect | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
The excellent health of the lung
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 health | det |
| 2 | excellent | excellent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 health | amod |
| 3 | health | health | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 lung | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 lung | det |
| 6 | lung | lung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 health | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
The possible presence of a tumour in the lung
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 presence | det |
| 2 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 presence | amod |
| 3 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 tumour | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 tumour | det |
| 6 | tumour | tumour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 presence | nmod |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 lung | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 lung | det |
| 9 | lung | lung | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 presence | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/e2/