Test 18 · ★★★ · Reasoning about the body moving in the world

lad at footy says his brother was on the bus when it braked and he flew all the way to the driver lol

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: lad, brother, bus · What happens: say, be, brake, fly · To what, where: bus, way, driver · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 18 · ★★★ of lesson 10 «Reasoning about the body moving in the world» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	lad	lad	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	nsubj
2	at	at	ADP	_	3 footy	case
3	footy	footy	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 lad	nmod
4	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 brother	nmod:poss
6	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bus	nsubj
7	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 bus	cop
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 bus	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 bus	det
10	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 says	ccomp
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 braked	advmod
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 braked	nsubj
13	braked	brake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 says	advcl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 flew	cc
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 flew	nsubj
16	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 braked	conj
17	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	19 way	det:predet
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 way	det
19	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 flew	obj
20	to	to	ADP	_	22 driver	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 driver	det
22	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 flew	obl
23	lol	lol	INTJ	_	4 says	discourse

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	lad at footy				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	past	lad's brother			the bus	tree rules
3	brake	past	bus				tree rules
4	fly	past	lad	all way	the driver		vn drive-11.5-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent way=Theme to driver=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Exaggerated maybe, but the lesson is real: when a bus brakes you lurch forward, so sit or hold on

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Exaggerated	exaggerate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 real	advcl
2	maybe	maybe	ADV	_	1 Exaggerated	advmod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 real	punct
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 real	cc
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 lesson	det
6	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 real	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 real	cop
8	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 brakes	punct
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	13 brakes	mark
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 bus	det
12	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 brakes	nsubj
13	brakes	brake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 real	conj
14	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	15 lurch	nsubj
15	lurch	lurch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 brakes	ccomp
16	forward	forward	ADV	_	15 lurch	advmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 sit	punct
18	so	so	ADV	_	19 sit	advmod
19	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	8 real	parataxis
20	or	or	CCONJ	_	21 hold	cc
21	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	19 sit	conj
22	on	on	ADP	_	21 hold	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	exaggerate	participle	the lesson not said here	maybe property	tree rules
2	is	present	the lesson	real property	tree rules
3	brake	present	a bus		tree rules
4	lurch	present	you	forward property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	sit	infinitive			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	hold on	infinitive			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It means only the front of the bus is dangerous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 means	nsubj
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 front	advmod
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 front	det
5	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 dangerous	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 bus	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bus	det
8	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 front	nmod
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 dangerous	cop
10	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 means	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	It						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present						the front of the bus obl; dangerous property	tree rules

Option 3

It proves buses are safer when you stand up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 proves	nsubj
2	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	buses	bus	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 proves	obj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 safer	cop
5	safer	safe	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 proves	xcomp
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 stand	advmod
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 stand	nsubj
8	stand	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 proves	advcl
9	up	up	ADP	_	8 stand	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	prove	present	It	buses		vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bus=Theme
2	is	present			safe property	tree rules
3	stand up	present	you			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It is only a joke, so you never need to hold on

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 joke	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 joke	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 joke	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 joke	det
5	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 need	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	10 need	advmod
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 need	nsubj
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 need	advmod
10	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 joke	parataxis
11	to	to	PART	_	12 hold	mark
12	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 need	xcomp
13	on	on	ADP	_	12 hold	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a joke	tree rules
2	not need	present	you		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	hold on not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/10-reasoning-about-the-moving-body/t18/