Test 2 · ★★★ · Reasoning about the body moving in the world A girl on a bus is standing without holding on, looking at her phone. The bus brakes hard. What happens and why?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: girl, bus · What happens: stand, hold on, look, brake, happen
This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 10 «Reasoning about the body moving in the world» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: A girl on a bus is standing without holding on, looking at her phone.
det nsubj case det nmod aux mark advcl compound:prt punct conj case nmod:poss obl punct root A DET girl NOUN on ADP a DET bus NOUN is AUX standing VERB without SCONJ holding VERB on ADP , PUNCT looking VERB at ADP her PRON phone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 girl det 2 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 7 standing nsubj 3 on on ADP _ 5 bus case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bus det 5 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 2 girl nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 standing aux 7 standing stand VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 8 without without SCONJ _ 9 holding mark 9 holding hold VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 standing advcl 10 on on ADP _ 9 holding compound:prt 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 looking punct 12 looking look VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 standing conj 13 at at ADP _ 15 phone case 14 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 phone nmod:poss 15 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 12 looking obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 standing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present · progressive a girl on a bus vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 hold on gerund a girl on a bus not said here vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 look gerund a girl on a bus not said here at girl's phone vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at phone=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: The bus brakes hard.
det nsubj xcomp punct root The DET bus NOUN brakes VERB hard ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bus det 2 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 3 brakes nsubj 3 brakes brake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 3 brakes xcomp 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 brakes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 brake present the bus hard property tree rules
Sentence 3: What happens and why?
nsubj cc conj punct root What PRON happens VERB and CCONJ why ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 2 happens nsubj 2 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 why cc 4 why why ADV PronType=Int 2 happens conj 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 happens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen present vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
The options Option 1 She floats up because the bus slows down
nsubj compound:prt mark det nsubj advcl compound:prt root She PRON floats VERB up ADP because SCONJ the DET bus NOUN slows VERB down ADP The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 floats nsubj 2 floats float VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 floats compound:prt 4 because because SCONJ _ 7 slows mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bus det 6 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 7 slows nsubj 7 slows slow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 floats advcl 8 down down ADP _ 7 slows compound:prt
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 float up present She vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 slow down present the bus vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer She stumbles forward as her body keeps moving
nsubj advmod mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl xcomp root She PRON stumbles VERB forward ADV as SCONJ her PRON body NOUN keeps VERB moving VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 stumbles nsubj 2 stumbles stumble VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 forward forward ADV _ 2 stumbles advmod 4 as as SCONJ _ 7 keeps mark 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 body nmod:poss 6 body body NOUN Number=Sing 7 keeps nsubj 7 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 stumbles advcl 8 moving move VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 keeps xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stumble present She forward property vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 keep present her body tree rules 3 move gerund her body not said here vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Option 3 Nothing, because the bus stops gently
nsubj punct mark det nsubj advmod root Nothing PRON , PUNCT because SCONJ the DET bus NOUN stops VERB gently ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 6 stops nsubj 2 , , PUNCT _ 6 stops punct 3 because because SCONJ _ 6 stops mark 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bus det 5 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 6 stops nsubj 6 stops stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 gently gently ADV _ 6 stops advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop present Nothing gently property vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Option 4 She falls backwards because the bus pushes her
nsubj advmod mark det nsubj advcl obj root She PRON falls VERB backwards ADV because SCONJ the DET bus NOUN pushes VERB her PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 falls nsubj 2 falls fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 backwards backwards ADV _ 2 falls advmod 4 because because SCONJ _ 7 pushes mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 bus det 6 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 7 pushes nsubj 7 pushes push VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 falls advcl 8 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 pushes obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall present She backwards property vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 push present the bus her = she vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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