Exam question 1 · Sharp things, small objects and little ones

Identify the principal reason for which anything capable of passing through a toilet roll tube is to be kept from children under three years of age.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, pass, keep · To what, where: principal reason, roll tube, anything

This is exam question 1 of lesson 112 «Sharp things, small objects and little ones» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	7 anything	det
7	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	19 kept	nsubj:pass
8	capable	capable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 anything	amod
9	of	of	ADP	_	8 capable	obl
10	passing	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 anything	acl
11	through	through	ADP	_	15 tube	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 tube	det
13	toilet	toilet	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 roll	compound
14	roll	roll	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 tube	compound
15	tube	tube	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 passing	obl
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 kept	aux:pass
17	to	to	PART	_	19 kept	mark
18	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	19 kept	aux:pass
19	kept	keep	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
20	from	from	ADP	_	21 children	case
21	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 kept	obl
22	under	under	ADP	_	24 years	case
23	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	24 years	nummod
24	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 kept	obl
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 age	case
26	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 years	nmod
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason				vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	pass	gerund			a roll tube			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through tube=Location
3	keep	present · passive	you not said here	anything		year	from children	vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Beneficiary from child=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Such objects are invariably sharp-edged and dangerous

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 objects	amod
2	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 edged	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 edged	aux:pass
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	7 edged	advmod
5	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 edged	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 sharp	punct
7	edged	edge	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 dangerous	cc
9	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 edged	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	edge	present · passive		Such objects				invariably property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination

Option 2

Such objects are certain to be lost

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 objects	amod
2	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 certain	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 certain	cop
4	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	7 lost	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 lost	aux:pass
7	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 certain	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Such objects					certain property	tree rules
2	lose	to-infinitive · passive	Such objects not said here						vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»

Option 3

Such objects are always made of glass

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 objects	amod
2	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 made	advmod
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 glass	case
7	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Such objects				of glass; always property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Such objects are small enough to choke them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 objects	amod
2	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 small	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 small	cop
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	enough	enough	ADV	_	4 small	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 choke	mark
7	choke	choke	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 small	advcl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 choke	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Such objects					enough, small property	tree rules
2	choke	to-infinitive	Such objects not said here	objects = object					vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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